Heteropogon contortus
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| Heteropogon contortus |
Heteropogon contortus is a tropical, perennial tussock grass with a native distribution encompassing Southern Africa, southern Asia, Northern Australia and Oceania. The species has also become a naturalised weed in tropical and subtropical regions in the Americas and East Asia. The plant grows to 1.5 m in height and is favoured in most environments by frequent burning. The plants develop characteristic dark seeds with a single long awn at one end and a sharp spike at the other. The awn becomes twisted when dry and striaghtens when moistened, and in combination with the spike is capable of drilling the seed into the soil.
The species is known by many common names including black spear grass, tanglehead, and Pili. H. contortus is a valuable pasture species across much of its range however it has also been responsible for the elimination of the wool industry over much of Australia due to the seeds becoming embedded in the wool and skin of sheep and devaluing the wool and killing the animals. H. contortus seeds are also repsonsible for similar injuries in dogs with thick undercoats. In Hawaii H. contortus has been used to thatch structures.
