Heixiazi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Heixiazi Island (simplified Chinese: 黑瞎子岛; traditional Chinese: 黑瞎子島; pinyin: Hēixiāzi Dǎo), or Bolshoy Ussuriyskiy Island (Russian: о́стров Большо́й Уссури́йский), is a sedimentary island at the confluence of the Ussuri and Amur rivers, along the border between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Russia. Its area is about 327 to 350 km². It is bounded closely by Yinlong Island (simplified Chinese: 银龙岛; traditional Chinese: 銀龍島; pinyin: Yínlóng Dǎo), or Tarabarov Island (Russian: о́стров Тараба́ров) and over ninety islets (in Chinese, Heixiazi may refer only to the large island or to the island group collectively). Its position at the confluence of the Amur and the Ussuri and right next to the major Russian city of Khabarovsk, has given it great strategic importance.
Until 2004, Heixiazi / Bolshoy Ussuriysky was the site of a territorial dispute between China and Russia. Russia occupied Heixiazi / Bolshoy Ussuriysky and Yinlong / Tarabarov Islands in 1929, but this had not been accepted by China. While Russia governed the islands as a part of Khabarovsk Krai, China claimed them as a part of Fuyuan County, Heilongjiang province, and the easternmost part of China.
On October 14, 2004, the Complementary Agreement between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on the Eastern Section of the China-Russia Boundary was signed, in which Russia agreed to relinquish control over Yinlong Island and around half of Heixiazi / Bolshoy Ussuriysky. In return, China agreed to drop all territorial claims to the remainder of Bolshoy Ussuriysky kept by Russia. In 2005, the Russian Duma and the Chinese National People's Congress approved the agreement.
The agreement has not met complete approval on either side of the border. In May 2005, Cossacks in Khabarovsk demonstrated against the loss of half of Bolshoy Ussuriysky. In return, some Chinese commentators, especially the media in Hong Kong, Taiwan and overseas which are outside the control of PRC government censorship, criticized the PRC government for signing the agreement, which they regarded as sealing as permanent the loss of former Chinese territory, such as Outer Manchuria, to Russia.
The government of the Republic of China (ROC), now based in Taiwan never recognized border treaties signed by the PRC and any other countries. Therefore, ROC government claims all parts of Heixiazi Islands.
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| Type | Territory | Currently Administered by | Claimants |
| Land: | Aksai Chin |  |
  2 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | |
2 |
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| Baekdu Mountain |  |
 2 2 |
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| East Turkestan | |
 1 2 |
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| Heixiazi / Bolshoy Ussuriyskiy (Eastern part)2 |  |
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| Indo-Bangladesh enclaves3 |  |
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| Kashmir3 |  |
2 |
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| Kachin State |  |
 1 2 |
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| Kayin State | |
 1 |
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| Korean Peninsula and its adjacent islands3 | |
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| Mainland China2 | |
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| Mongolia2 |  |
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| Pamir Mountains (Northern and central parts)2 |  |
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| Wakhan Corridor2 |  |
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| Pattani |  |
 1 |
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| Sabah2 |  |
 |
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| Shan State | |
 1 |
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| Sixty-Four Villages East of the Heilongjiang River2 | |
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| Tannu Uriankhai (now Tuva Republic of Russia)2 | |
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| Tibet | |
 1 2 |
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| Trans-Karakoram Tract | |
2 |
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| Wa State | |
 1 |
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| Islands and Waters: | Kinmen | |
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| Liancourt Rocks | |
 2 |
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| Macclesfield Bank | |
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| Matsu | |
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| Paracel Islands | |
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| Pedra Branca, Middle Rocks and South Ledge |  |
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| Pratas Islands | |
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| Scarborough Shoal | |
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| Senkaku Islands | |
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| Sir Creek3 | |
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| Socotra Rock | |
2 2 |
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| Southern Kuril Islands | |
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| Spratly Islands3 | |
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| Taiwan and Pescadores2 | |
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| Notes: | 1Government in exile/exiled group. 2Inactive dispute. 3Divided among multiple claimants. |
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