Hapag-Lloyd
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Hapag-Lloyd is a German transportation company comprising a cargo container shipping line, Hapag-Lloyd Container Line, and a cruise line, Hapag-Lloyd Cruises. It was formed in 1970 as a merger of two 19th Century companies, Hapag, which dated from 1847, and Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL) or North German Lloyd (NGL), which was formed in 1856. Hapag-Lloyd was acquired in 1998 by TUI AG (Hanover) and became its fully-owned subsidiary in 2002.
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[edit] Hapag
- For more information, see Hamburg America Line.
Hamburg businessmen founded the Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Aktien-Gesellschaft for shipping across the Atlantic Ocean.
In 1891, Albert Ballin invented the cruise liner,[citation needed] which would later be incorporated into both the HAPAG and NGL ship fleets.
In 1910, Hapag became involved in the aviation industry for the first time, sponsoring Zeppelin flights.
In 1912, Hapag built the first of their "Big Three" ocean liners; the Imperator, followed by her sister Vaterland. The third sister, Bismarck, was under construction at the outbreak of World War I and was completed after the war for White Star Line as the Majestic. These were the first liners to exceed 50,000 gross tons and 900 feet in length.
During World War I, the majority of Hapag's fleet of 175 ships was wiped out, and most of the surviving ships (including the "Big Three") had to be turned over to the winning side as war reparations. The heavy losses lead to Ballin's suicide in 1918. After war's end, Hapag rebuilt its fleet with much smaller ships than before the war, but their fleet was again mostly wiped out during World War II, with surviving ships turned over to allied powers.
- See also Saale disaster.
[edit] NGL/NDL
Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL) was formed in 1856 in the City-State of Bremen, offering passenger and cargo transportation between Bremen and New York, with an emphasis on emigration to the United States. Service started in June with the Bremen, the first of three steamships, and the company established its American base at Hoboken, NJ. NDL eventually built a large fleet of ships that carried many thousands of emigrants westwards, with a peak of 240,000 passengers across the Atlantic in 1913 alone.[1]
The outbreak of World War I resulted in the internment of its 135 vessel fleet at Hoboken, which status was changed to confiscation when the USA entered the war in 1917. Likewise, its Hoboken base was confiscated, and turned over to the US Navy, which used it as a transshipping point for the duration.[1]
Operations were resumed in 1922, when NDL was able to purchase its former base from the United States Alien Property Administrator. NDL launched a new Bremen and Europa in 1929-1930.[1]
At the start of World War II, NDL repeated the World War I experience, with its fleet again being confiscated when the US entered the war in 1941. The lone exception was the Bremen, which raced across the Atlantic, and achieved protection at Murmansk in 1939, later moving on to its namesake city where it remained for the duration of the war.[1]
Passenger service resumed in 1954 with the MS Berlin, formerly the Swedish American Line's Gripsholm. Later two other second-hand ships, SS Bremen (formerly Pasteur) and MS Europa (formerly Swedish American Line's Kungsholm), were purchased.
Service continued as before, but it was decided that there were too many competitors in a transportation environment where the airliner was taking the most frequent customers away. This resulted in NDL’s merger with the Hamburg-America Line in 1970.
NDL attained several speed records over the years. Among them, was the record for the run between Southampton and New York of eight days in 1881, which was set by the Elbe, and held until 1900; and the record for the fastest transatlantic crossing set by the new Bremen in 1929 (see Blue Riband).[1]
[edit] Hapag-Lloyd
Hapag and NGL continued to compete until establishing a joint-venture container line in 1968 and finally merging in 1970 under the name Hapag-Lloyd. On September 1, 1970, the NDL merged operations with Hapag.
The conglomerate founded the charter airline Hapag-Lloyd Airlines in 1972, buying a few Boeing 727s to fly its cruise passengers from Germany to the cruises' ports of call. The airline eventually added some regular passenger flights as well.
Hapag-Lloyd was acquired in 1998 by TUI AG (Hanover), a tourism conglomerate, and became its fully-owned subsidiary in 2002. A retrenchment from that position through an offering of a minority of Hapag-Lloyd's shares on the stock market was planned in 2004. As part of that process, its business units other than the container line and cruise line were planned for divestiture.
Hapag-Lloyd Express, a low-fare, high-frequency airline, was initiated in the early 2000s. These eponymous companies are not owned by Hapag-Lloyd, however, but by TUI. The air routes which are operated by them used to fall under the IATA code HF. Since July 2007, the code X3 is used.
[edit] CP Ships Limited
On 21 August 2005, TUI AG agreed to acquire CP Ships Limited for €1.7 billion (US$2.0 billion) in cash. The deal which was approved by the boards of both CP Ships, TUI , and the Shareholders has been successful. It has now made the combined fleet the fifth largest by capacity in the worldwide container shipping market. [1]
[edit] Hapag-Lloyd Global Services Pvt. Ltd
Hapag Lloyd Global Services Pvt. Ltd. better known as the Global Processing Center or GPC located in India with offices in Mumbai and Chennai has been doing some critical work for the Hapag Lloyd global organization since the first quarter of this year.
GPC Mission Statement
"To be an adaptable organization , demonstrating excellence in ;corporate governance, process management and human capital development, in an inclusive environment, which encourages learning, growth and continual improvements, within the Hapag-Lloyd corporate framework."
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