Hans Zinsser
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Hans Zinsser | |
| Born | November 17, 1878 New York City |
|---|---|
| Died | September 4, 1940 New York City |
| Residence |  USA |
| Nationality | American |
| Fields | Physician, bacteriologist, and epidemiologist |
| Institutions | Columbia University Stanford University Harvard Medical School |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Doctoral advisor | Philip Hanson Hiss |
| Doctoral students | William Hammon |
| Known for | Typhus |
| Religious stance | Agnostic [1] |
Hans Zinsser (November 17, 1878 – September 4, 1940) was a U.S. bacteriologist and a prolific author.[1] The son of German immigrants, Zinsser was born in New York City in 1878. Zinsser received his undergraduate degree from Columbia University in 1899 and completed both a masters degree and a doctorate in medicine there in 1903.[2] After holding a series of academic medicine positions, Zinsser became an associate professor at Stanford University in 1910. In 1913, Zinsser moved to a position at his alma mater; in 1923 he was hired by Harvard Medical School where he stayed until his death. He is interred in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York.
Zinsser's scientific work focused on bacteriology and immunology and he is greatly associated with Brill’s disease as well as typhus. He is known for his work in isolating the typhus bacterium and developing a protective vaccine. He wrote several books about biology and bacteria, notably "Rats, Lice and History," a "biography" of typhus fever.[3] "Rats, Lice and History" was republished in 2007 by Transaction Publishers.[4]
When Rats, Lice and History appeared in 1935, Hans Zinsser was a highly regarded Harvard biologist who had never written about historical events. Although he had published under a pseudonym, virtually all of his previous writings had dealt with infections and immunity and had appeared either in medical and scientific journals or in book format. Today he is best remembered as the author of "Rats, Lice, and History," which gone through multiple editions and remains a masterpiece of science writing for a general readership.
To Zinsser, scientific research was high adventure and the investigation of infectious disease, a field of battle. Yet at the same time he maintained a love of literature and philosophy. His goal in Rats, Lice and History was to bring science, philosophy, and literature together to establish the importance of disease, and especially epidemic infectious disease, as a major force in human affairs. Zinsser cast his work as the “biography” of a disease. In his view, infectious disease simply represented an attempt of a living organism to survive. From a human perspective, an invading pathogen was abnormal; from the perspective of the pathogen it was perfectly normal.
This book is devoted to a discussion of the biology of typhus and history of typhus fever in human affairs. Zinsser begins by pointing out that the louse was the constant companion of human beings. Under certain conditions–failure to wash or to change clothing–lice proliferated. The typhus pathogen was transmitted by rat fleas to human beings, who then transmitted it to other humans and in some strains from human to human.
Rats, Lice and History combines Zinsser’s expertise in biology with his broad knowledge of the humanities.
[edit] References
- ^ Summers WC (1999). "Hans Zinsser: a tale of two cultures". The Yale journal of biology and medicine 72 (5): 341-7. PMID 11049165.
- ^ Mueller JH (1940). "Hans Zinsser, 1878–1940". Journal of Bacteriology 40 (6): i2.
- ^ Zinsser H (1996). Rats, Lice, and History: Being a Study in Biography, Which, After Twelve Preliminary Chapters Indispensable for the Preparation of the Lay Reader, Deals With the Life History of Typhus Fever. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. ISBN 1-884-82247-9. (Originally published in 1935, with another edition in 1963.)
- ^ Zinsser H (2007). Rats, Lice, and History. New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-0672-5.
[edit] Further reading
- Zinsser, Hans As I Remember Him: The Biography of R.S. Gloucester, Mass. Peter Smith 1970 with an introduction including biographic notes by Edward Weeks.
