Globotriaosylceramide 3-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

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In enzymology, a globotriaosylceramide 3-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.79) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl- (11)-ceramide $\rightleftharpoons$ UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)- beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(11)-ceramide

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, [[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-]], and (11)-ceramide, whereas its 3 products are UDP, [[N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-]], and [[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(11)-ceramide]].

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galact osyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(11)-ceramide III3-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine, diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-galactosylgalactosylglucosylceramide, acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, globoside synthetase, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:globotriaosylceramide, beta-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, galactosylgalactosylglucosylceramide, beta-D-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:globotriaosylceramide, beta1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, globoside synthase, galactosylgalactosylglucosylceramide, beta-D-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:D-galactosyl-1,4-D-galactosyl-1,4-D-, glucosylceramide beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase, beta3GalNAc-T1, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-, galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide, 3III-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-, galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(11)-ceramide, and 3III-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase. This enzyme participates in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globoseries and glycan structures - biosynthesis 2.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 2.4.1.79
BRENDA references for 2.4.1.79 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.4.1.79
PubMed Central references for 2.4.1.79
Google Scholar references for 2.4.1.79
Chien JL, Williams T, Basu S (1973). "Biosynthesis of a globoside-type glycosphingolipid by a -N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain". J. Biol. Chem. 248: 1778–85. PMID 4632917.
Ishibashi T, Kijimoto S, Makita A (1974). "Biosynthesis of globoside and Forssman hapten from trihexosylceramide and properties of beta-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase of guinea pig kidney". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 337: 92–106. PMID 4433547.
Taniguchi N, Makita A (1984). "Purification and characterization of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: globotriaosylceramide beta-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, a synthase of human blood group P antigen, from canine spleen". J. Biol. Chem. 259: 5637–42. PMID 6425294.
Urano T, Furukawa K (2000). "Expression cloning of human globoside synthase cDNAs. Identification of beta 3Gal-T3 as UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:globotriaosylceramide beta 1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase". J. Biol. Chem. 275: 40498–503. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006902200. PMID 10993897.