Talk:Genocide definitions
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[edit] Thompson and Quets
Daedalus71, when you made this change why did you remove the entry for Thompson and Quets? --Philip Baird Shearer 06:57, 14 August 2007 (UTC)
- It seemed as if the entry for Thompson and Quets was cited to a 1987 mimeo and flagged "needs verification". In my own bibliography of definitions of genocide I have a quotation by the same authors, cited to a 1990 book on Columbia Universtiy Press, so I deleted the older quotation and added the newer one. However, now that you've asked, I'm trying to double-check the citation I added and I can't seem to find the book in question. I'll follow up on this shortly. Christopher Powell 16:52, 14 August 2007 (UTC)
- OK, now I've sorted it. The 1987 citation is indeed to a mimeo; the existence of this mimeo is independently confirmed by its being cited in Current Sociology, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 113-126, March 1990. However, this mimeo is very difficult to find. I think that it is quoted by Chalk and Jonassohn in their 1990 book, although I'm not sure. In my earlier edit I replaced this quotation with one from their 1990 article in Volume 12 of the periodical Research in social movements, conflict, and change, but I provided inaccurate citation information; I've now corrected this. The later quotation has the advantage of being much easier to find for anyone who wants to look it up for themselves - middling-size libraries carry the periodical in question, but even the University of Toronto library doesn't seem to have a copy of the mimeo. However, the earlier definition is a bit fuller and more detailed. I'm not averse to including both, really, except for considerations of balance. Christopher Powell 17:29, 14 August 2007 (UTC)
There were two different quotations by Thompson and Quets in the article before your edits, you have replaced the earlier one with one by Tony Barta. You then changed the citation on the second one are you sure that the new citation for the remaining quote is correct as it was the earlier one? (The one you removed that had a citation that was was flagged as needing checking, not the second one). --Philip Baird Shearer 09:23, 15 August 2007 (UTC)
- 'Originally' (ie before I started intervening) there was only one Thompson and Quets quotation; I added a second before removing the first, so there could have been two only for the space of a few days, I think. The sequence of my interventions was: (1) not noticing the 1987 quotation, I added the 1990 quotation but incorrectly cited it, giving the title as that of the 1987 mimeo but giving the date as 1990. (2) I noticed the 1987 quotation and decided to remove it on the grounds that it is less easily verifiable than the 1990 quotation (although this may not be accurate; I suspect it is quoted in a more widely published source, since I've seen it before and I'm pretty sure I've never seen the mimeo). (3) I realized that I'd given incorrect citation information for the 1990 quotation, and fixed it. I'm quite confident that I've now cited the 1990 quotation accurately. The net effect of my changes has been to substitute one quotation by these authors for another, later quotation in the same vein by them. Do you think I should put the first one back in? Christopher Powell 00:52, 19 August 2007 (UTC)
Ah! you added the second one without signing in so it it was an IP address in the history -- hence my confusion. I am not fussed whether the first one is put back in or not so lets go with you judgement and not put it back :-) --Philip Baird Shearer 02:16, 19 August 2007 (UTC)
- No signature - argh! Sorry about that. Glad to clear up the confusion. :) Christopher Powell 02:04, 23 August 2007 (UTC)
[edit] Genocide scholars and legal scholars
Disputed text
Additionally the majority of genocide scholars consider that group destruction must involve mass killing, i.e. physical destruction. There is a considerable number who don't hold this view however there is growing agreement on the inclusion of the destruction criterion.
The relevant passage from ECHR I assume you are aware of since it was you who pointed it to me.
36. The applicant is the first person to be convicted of genocide by German courts under Article 220a since the incorporation of that Article into the Criminal Code. At the time when the applicant committed his acts in 1992, a majority of scholars took the view that genocidal “intent to destroy a group” under Article 220a of the Criminal Code had to be aimed at the physical-biological destruction of the protected group (see, for example, A. Eser, in Schönke / Schröder, Strafgesetzbuch – Kommentar, 24th edition, Munich 1991, Article 220a, §§ 4-5 with further references). However, a considerable number of scholars were of the opinion that the notion of destruction of a group as such, in its literal meaning, was wider than a physical-biological extermination and also encompassed the destruction of a group as a social unit (see, in particular, H.-H. Jescheck, Die internationale Genocidium-Konvention vom 9. Dezember 1948 und die Lehre vom Völkerstrafrecht, ZStW 66 (1954), p. 213; and B. Jähnke, in Leipziger Kommentar, Strafgesetzbuch, 10th edition, Berlin, New York 1989, Article 220a, §§ 4, 8, 13).
The relevant passages from Jones are
Adam Jones, Genocide:A Comprehensive Introduction p.20-21 http://www.genocidetext.net/gaci_origins.pdf
Regardless of the strategy chosen, a consensus exists that genocide is “committed with intent to destroy” (UN Convention), is “structural and systematic” (Horowitz), “deliberate [and] organized” (Wallimann and Dobkowski), “sustained” (Harff ), and “a series of purposeful actions” (Fein; see also Thompson and Quets). Porter and Horowitz stress the additional role of the state bureaucracy. Crucially, there is growing agreement that group “destruction” must involve mass killing and physical liquidation (see, e.g., Fein [1994], Charny, Horowitz, Katz/Jones). But to repeat: this is not a feature of either Raphael Lemkin’s original formulations or of the UN Convention. In both of these definitions, mass killing is only one of a panoply of strategies available to génocidaires; the emphasis is on the destruction of the group “as such,” not necessarily the physical annihilation of its members.
Please discuss your objections.
Xenovatis (talk) 13:44, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
I removed this:
- Additionally the majority of genocide scholars (ECHR Jorgic v. Germany, citing A. Eser, in Schönke / Schröder, Strafgesetzbuch – Kommentar, 24th edition, Munich 1991, Article 220a, §§ 4-5, judgement of 12 July 2007) consider that group destruction must involve mass killing, i.e. physical destruction. There is a considerable number who don't hold this view (ECHR Jorgic v. Germany, citing H.-H. Jescheck, Die internationale Genocidium-Konvention vom 9. Dezember 1948 und die Lehre vom Völkerstrafrecht, ZStW 66 (1954), p. 213; and B. Jähnke, in Leipziger Kommentar, Strafgesetzbuch, 10th edition, Berlin,
New York 1989, Article 220a, §§ 4, 8, 13, judgement of 12 July 2007), however there is growing agreement on the inclusion of the physical destruction criterion.(Adam Jones p.21)
Because there are some problems with it that need sorting out. First a format issue, Xenovatis citations should go after punctuation in this article. Now to the substance the ECHR cites "legal scholars" not "genocide scholars". Further the ECHR was referring to legal scholars as was before the ICTY and ICJ judgements. Many more (most?) would take the ICJ judgement into account as one all ways does with case law. to see what problems genocide scholars have when the walk into the legal area see this article: "When people kill a people", The New York Times, March 28, 1982. by Telford Taylor! So one can not combine the ECHR and Jones into one sentence as the are talking about two different groups of writes. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 14:11, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
BTW to see this distinction please see ECHR paragraph 47 immediately before it is a section heading "vi. Interpretation by legal writers" which makes it clear they are talking about legal scholars not scholars in general. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 14:17, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
- That's fine I understand your point. So it needs to be made clear thaat the ECHR is reffering to legal scholars. Once that is made is clear are there any other issues from your side? Because Jones also writes that there is "growing agreement" that physical destruction is necessary to label an event genocide and he is reffering to academic scholars. I have included the same text in the main genocide article as well and will amend it appropriately once we agree on a wording here. Also could you give an example of what you mean on the formating issue? I am guessing you mean the commas, but just to make sure. Thanks.Xenovatis (talk) 14:33, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
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- On Wikipedia there are two/three opinions on where to place ref tags for citations, before punctuation, after punctuation or a bit of both, but what the two main camps are agreed upon that the article should be internally consistent. As this article uses after punctuation, new additions should adhere to that standard. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 16:04, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
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- Legal scholars before the ICTY and ICJ judgements circa 1992 -- the time that Nikola Jorgic committed his crimes. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 16:09, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
What I have now done is left the Jones's observation in here, but linked the text of CPPCG to a new section in the article genocide called Intent to destroy and to an older section called In part as they are CCPPCG specific --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 20:36, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
[edit] Jack Nusan Porter
I have reverted the following edit Revision as of 19:37, 19 January 2008 by 207.69.140.35 because there is no easy way to verify it the text removed is:
I have since added "cultural and intellectual aspects of genocide", again echoing Lemkin, that the destruction of a people or tribe physically also entails its destruction culturally and conversely, if and when you destroy a group's culture, you will eventually destroy it physically as a people."---Jack Nusan Porter, Jan. 20, 2008, personal comment, but also see the forward by Antony Polonsky and preface and introduction to my latest book "The Genocidal Mind", Lanham. MD and London: University Press of America, 2006, pp. vii-xxi and 1-28.
because it was added by an IP has not been verified. If someone can verify it then we can re-introduce it in a slightly amended version. --Philip Baird Shearer (talk) 13:01, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
