General order
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In militaries, a general order is a published directive, originated by a commander, and binding upon all personnel under his command, the purpose of which is to enforce a policy or procedure unique to his unit's situation which is not otherwise addressed in applicable service regulations, military law, or public law. A general order has the force of law; it is an offense punishable by court martial or lesser military court to disobey one. What makes it a general order (as opposed to a direct order), is that the actor is not explicitly named, nor precisely that (or whom) which is to be acted upon.
A general order of indefinite duration may be referred to as a standing order. Standing orders are necessarily general and vague since the exact circumstances for execution occur in the future under unknown conditions. For example, in most military agencies there is a standing order for enlisted men to salute officers. The officers are required by the same law to return the salute to the enlisted person; however, the name of each enlisted man is not explicitly named in the order, nor is the name of each officer, nor is the exact time which the salute should occur
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[edit] List of notable general orders
[edit] Historical
- General Orders for Sentries - often referred to as the 11 General Orders.
- General Order № 1 - General Douglas MacArthur's first order to the forces of the Empire of Japan following the Japanese surrender in World War II
- General Order № 9 - Confederate General Robert E. Lee's announcement of his surrender that ended the American Civil War
- General Order № 11 (1862) - an American Civil War order expelling Jews from areas of Tennessee, Mississippi, and Kentucky
- General Order № 11 (1863) - an American Civil War order expelling the residents of four Missouri counties which were then to be burned.
- General Order № 100 - an American Civil War order which expressly forbade giving no quarter to the enemy
Napoleon's standing order to "March to the sound of the guns" which Grouchy disobeyed at Waterloo leading to the French defeat.
[edit] In fiction
- A set of general orders, including the Prime Directive, has been established in Paramount Pictures' source documentation to govern the Starfleet organization in the Star Trek fictional universe.
- General Order № 24 Destruction of all life on a planet, issued by Captain James T. Kirk in Star Trek episode #23 A Taste of Armageddon. He issued the order on stardate 3192.1 to be executed "in two hours," targeting Eminiar VII. Kirk was being held captive on the planet at the time he gave the order. The only recorded instance of this order actually being carried out was the first issue of the non-canon Gold Key Star Trek series: "PLANET OF NO RETURN."
- Order 66 Execution of all Jedi on sight, issued by Chancellor Palpatine to the Grand Army of the Republic in Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. Palpatine issued the order galaxy-wide immediately after evading arrest by the Jedi order and successfully turning Anakin Skywalker to the dark side of the Force.
