Forty Foot Drain

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In the drainage schemes of The Fens of Eastern England, some of the principal drainage channels are each known as The Forty Foot or Forty Foot Drain, the name being qualified when there is a need to distinguish between them. They are Vermuden's Drain, South Forty Foot and North Forty Foot.

Contents 1 The Forty Foot Drain in Cambridgeshire 2 Forty Foot Drains in Lincolnshire 2.1 North Forty Foot Drain 2.2 South Forty Foot Drain 3 References

[edit] The Forty Foot Drain in Cambridgeshire

The Forty Foot Drain, also known as Vermuyden's Drain^[1], is an artificial drainage river in Cambridgeshire, which is one of the key elements in the draining the Middle Level of the Bedford Level, in the Cambridgeshire part of The Fens.^[2] It was instrumental in Sir Cornelius Vermuyden's great drainage scheme of 1649-53. Located near Chatteris and Ramsey, the river runs 10.5 miles, from Wells Bridge, where it joins the Old River Nene, to Welches Dam Sluice, where it joins the Old Bedford River and Counter Wash Drain.^[3] These junctions are at grid references TL300880 and TL470858 respectively. When the drain was newly made, its western end was in Huntingdonshire.

[edit] Forty Foot Drains in Lincolnshire

The main land drain in Holland Fen (as distinct from the River Witham, which is designed to carry water past the fens without being part of them) is known as the North Forty Foot Drain. That of the Black Sluice fens is the South Forty Foot Drain. The latter flows, with some pump assistance, from Bounre North Fen, close to the River Glen, to The Haven at Boston. The North Forty Foot joins the South Forty Foot in the western outskirts of Boston and together their waters enter The Haven through the Black Sluice.^[4]

[edit] North Forty Foot Drain

According to Wheeler^[5]

"Also called Lodowick's Drain. A drain in Holland Fen, running parallel with the Witham, and extending from Chapel Hill to the Sourh Forty Foot at Boston. Formerly emptied into the Witham at Lodowick's or Trinity Gowt." "Lodowick' or Lodovick's Gowt. The outfall of the North Forty-Foot Drain, situated on the west side of the old channel of the Witham, about ¼ mile above Boston Church. It had a waterway of 15ft. Was also called Trinity Gowt".

[edit] South Forty Foot Drain

Main article South Forty-foot drain

(Wheeler^[6]) "The main drain in the Black Sluice District, extending from Boston Haven to Gutheram Cote. This drain was first cut by the Adventurers who drained the Lindsey Level in he middle of the 17th century. It was afterwards opened out and improved under the Black Sluice Act of 1765. Again deepened and improved under the Act of 1846." "Black Sluice. The outlet of the main drain of the Black Sluice District. The first sluice was built by the Adventurers in the 17th century. It was rebuilt under the Act of 1765. The present sluice was erected under the Act of 1846 and has 3 openings of a total waterway of 60ft."

[edit] References

1. ^ Kelly's Directory of Cambridgeshire 1900 (London: Kelly's Directories Limited, 1900), pp.99.[1]
2. ^ 1911encyclopedia.org, (based on 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, URL accessed December 26th, 2006
3. ^ List of waterways in the Fens, URL accessed December 26th, 2006
4. ^ Ordnance Survey
5. ^ W.H. Wheeler, 'A History of the Fens of South Lincolnshire' Boston and London (1896) Appendix I
6. ^ W.H. Wheeler, 'A History of the Fens of South Lincolnshire' Boston and London (1896) Appendix I