Faucalized voice
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| Phonation |
|---|
| Glottal states (from open to closed) |
| voiceless (full airstream) |
| breathy voice (murmur) |
| whisper |
| slack voice |
| modal voice (maximum vibration) |
| stiff voice |
| creaky voice (restricted airstream) |
| glottalized (blocked airstream) |
| Supra-glottal phonation |
| faucalized voice ("hollow") |
| harsh voice ("pressed") |
| strident (harsh trilled) |
| Vocal registers |
| whistle |
| falsetto |
| modal |
| vocal fry |
Faucalized voice, also called hollow or yawny voice, is the production of speech sounds with an expanded laryngeal cavity. It contrasts with harsh voice, in which the larynx is compressed.
There is no symbol for faucalized voice in the standard IPA. Diacritics seen in the literature include the strong articulation diacritic ([a͈]) of the Extensions to the IPA. In the IPA extensions themselves, the symbol for faucalized voice is Ħ, as in [aĦ].
A well known language with faucalized voice is Korean, with its "tense" consonants. The entire vocal tract is tense, and the occlusion lasts longer than other consonants. For this reason they are often called fortis. There also appears to be elements of stiff voice in the Korean consonants, though faucalized voice is not yet well enough described to know how common this is.
| Voice | tenuis | aspirated | faucalized |
|---|---|---|---|
| Korean | [tal] | [tʰal] | [t͈al] |
| moon | mask | daughter |
The Bor dialect of Dinka has contrastive modal, breathy, faucalized, and harsh voice in its vowels, as well as three tones. The ad hoc diacritics employed in the literature are a subscript double quotation mark for faucalized voice, [a͈], and underlining for harsh voice, [a]. Examples are,
| Voice | modal | breathy | harsh | faucalized |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bor Dinka | ʨìt̪ | ʨì̤t̪ | ʨìt̪ | ʨì͈t̪ |
| diarrhea | go ahead | scorpions | to swallow |
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