Enryaku

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Enryaku (延暦, Enryaku^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Ten'ō and before Daidō. This period spanned the years from 782 through 806. The reigning emperor was Kammu-tennō (桓武天皇, Kammu-tennō^?).^[1]

Contents 1 Change of era 2 Events of the Enryaku era 3 References 3.1 External links

[edit] Change of era

• Enryaku gannen (延暦元年, Enryaku gannen^?); 782: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Ten'ō 2, on the 19th day of the 8th month of 782.^[2]

[edit] Events of the Enryaku era

• Enryaku 1, in the 6th month (782): The sadaijin Fujiwara no Uona was removed from his office and exiled to Kyushi. Some time later, the emperor did permit him to return to the capital where he died. In the same general time frame, Fujiwara no Tamaro was named udaijin. During these days in which the offices of sadaijin and udaijin were vacant, the major counselors (the dainagon) and the emperor assumed responsibilities and powers which would have been otherwise delegated.^[3]
• Enryaku 3, in the 3rd month (783): The udaijin Tamaro died at the age of 62 years.^[3]
• Enryaku 3, in the 7th month (783): Fujiwara no Korekimi became the new udaijin to replace the late Fujiwara no Tamaro.^[3]
• Enryaku 12 (793): Under the leadership of the Buddhist priest Dengyō, construction is begun on the Enryaku Temple.^[4]
• Enryaku 13, on the 21st day of the 10th month (794): The Emperor moves by carriage in a grand procession from Nara to Heian-kyō.^[4]
• Enryaku 15 (796): Additional copper coins were put into circulation, each bearing the legend Ren-hei Ei-hō.^[5]
• Enryaku 25 (806): Emperor Kammu's reign lasted for 25 years. He died at the age of 70.^[6] He was buried to the south of Heian-kyō, in the neighborhood of Momoyama; but the actual location became uncertain. In 1894, another tomb was created when the Heian Shrine was rebuilt. His spirit is said to rest in peace next to the tomb of Emperor Meiji at this shrine.^[7]

[edit] References

• Appert, Georges and Hiroji Kinoshita. (1888). Ancien japon. Tokyo: Kokubunsha.
• Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien, c. 1220], Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0
• Lowe, John. (2000). Old Kyoto: A Short Social History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-199-590940-2
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō (1652)]. Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)
• Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-321-04940-4

[edit] External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Enryaku	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th	11th	12th	13th	14th	15th	16th	17th	18th	19th	20th	21st	22nd	23rd	24th	25th
Gregorian	782	783	784	785	786	787	788	789	790	791	792	793	794	795	796	797	798	799	800	801	802	803	804	805	806

Preceded by Ten'ō

Era or nengō Enryaku 782 – 806

Succeeded by Daidō