Enéas Carneiro
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Enéas Ferreira Carneiro (November 5, 1938 – May 6, 2007) was a Brazilian politician. He represented the state of São Paulo in the National Chamber of Deputies (the lower house of the National Congress) and ran for the presidency three times as a perennial candidate. He was a founder and leader of the Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order (PRONA), which is usually seen as being on the extreme right. He preferred being addressed and referred to by his first name, Enéas (the Portuguese cognate of Aeneas).
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[edit] Early life
Enéas was born and raised in Acre, at that time still a federal territory, in Brazil's far west. He lost his parents at the age of nine and had to work to support his brothers. In 1958 he left Acre to begin studies in Rio de Janeiro. In 1959 he became an auxiliary anesthesiologist. In 1965 he received a medical degree from the Rio de Janeiro College of Medicine, with a specialty in cardiology. His academic pursuits, however, were not confined to medicine, and he has written articles on diverse subjects, including philosophy, logic and robotics. In 1980 he received a medical degree from the Cancer Hospital of Rio de Janeiro.
[edit] Political career
In 1985 he established PRONA. In 1989 he ran for the presidency in Brazil's first direct elections after the end of military rule. Under the electoral laws, every candidate was given a daily amount of free airtime to set out their agenda. As the amount of airtime was proportional to the candidate's party political size, PRONA only got roughly 15 seconds of airtime. Nevertheless, he made the most of the opportunity. His exotic image — he was a small, bald man with a large beard and thick "coke-bottle" glasses — drew attention, as did his inflamed and ultranationalistic speech. In what would become his trademark, he finished it with the catchphrase Meu nome é Enéas ("My name is Enéas") — perhaps a gesture of humility or informality, or perhaps a way to save valuable time. The previously unknown politician was placed 12th out of a field of 21 candidates.
He returned in 1994, making use then of 1 minute and 17 seconds. Surprising political experts, he finished ahead of various established politicians, such as the then-governor of Rio de Janeiro (Leonel Brizola), the former governor of São Paulo (Orestes Quércia), and the then-governor of Santa Catarina (Esperidião Amin), with more than 4.6 million votes.
In 1998, Enéas took advantage of 1 minute and 40 seconds of available time to deliver a speech that was more nationalistic than ever. Its ideas, such as the construction of an atomic bomb, nationalization of Brazil's mineral resources, and increasing the military budget, sparked controversy.
In 2000 he ran for mayor of the city of São Paulo, with no success, but he still managed to gain votes for the election of his councilman candidate Havanir Nimtz.
In 2002 he ran for a seat as a federal deputy, representing São Paulo, and secured the most-ever votes for that office. His party won enough votes, through the proportionality system, to choose three more deputies.
Enéas also participated actively in elections for mayors and councilmen in 2004, helping to choose councilmen in some major cities, such as Rio and São Paulo, and mayors in small cities.
In 2006 he was elected again as a federal deputy for São Paulo, this time with the third highest vote in the state.
[edit] Praise and Criticism
Many saw Enéas as an extremist. Some critics viewed him as a new icon of the Integralist movement.
[edit] Death
Enéas underwent chemotherapy in a hospital for leukemia. When it became clear that his treatment was not resulting in improvements, he decided to return home, where he remained until his death. Enéas died at approximately 2 pm, May 6, 2007, in the Laranjeiras neighborhood of southern Rio de Janeiro. His body was cremated at Carmo Memorial Cemetery in Caju, in the port region of Rio de Janeiro, on May 7. His ashes were thrown over the Bay of Guanabara.
