Emu Field
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Emu Field was located in the desert of South Australia, at approximately . Variously known as Emu Field, Emu Junction or Emu, it was the site of the Operation Totem pair of nuclear tests conducted by the British government in October 1953.
The site was located and surveyed by Len Beadell in 1952. A village and airstrip were constructed for the subsequent testing program.
Two atomic tests were conducted at the site. Totem 1 was detonated on October 15, 1953, and Totem 2 was detonated on October 27, 1953. The devices were both sited on towers, and yielded 10 kilotons and 8 kilotons respectively. The site was also used in September-October 1953 for some of the Kitten series of tests, which were conventional (rather than nuclear) explosions used to evaluate neutron initiators.
It was later found that the radioactive cloud from the first detonation did not disperse as expected, and travelled north-east over the Australian continent. The site at Emu Field was considered too remote for future use, and the search for a more convenient location led to the survey of Maralinga, where a further series of atomic tests was conducted in 1956.
There are now stone monuments at the ground-zero points, which can be visited by tourists, however it is still extremely remote (see Anne Beadell Highway). Evidence of the explosions may still be seen at ground-zero, in the form of vitrified sand and concentric blast rings.
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[edit] References
- Operation Totem - 1953. Atomic Forum - An illustrated history of nuclear weapons. Retrieved on 2007-12-24.
