Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act
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| International opposition to Apartheid in South Africa |
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| Campaigns |
| Instruments and legislation |
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UN Resolution 1761 (1962) |
| Organisations |
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Anti-Apartheid Movement |
| Conferences |
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1964 Conference for Economic Sanctions |
| United Nations Security Council Resolutions |
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Resolution 181 |
| Other aspects |
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Elimination of Racism Day |
The Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act (Pub.L. 99-440, H.R. 4868) sponsored by U.S. Representative Ron Dellums in 1972 was the first United States anti-apartheid legislation. The act was initiated in reaction to the plight of blacks in South Africa and demanded the end of apartheid. The legislation was passed in 1986 and imposed sanctions against South Africa and stated five preconditions for lifting the sanctions, including establishing a timetable for the elimination of apartheid laws and the release of political prisoner Nelson Mandela.[1]
The legislation banned all new U.S. trade and investment in South Africa and was a catalyst for similar sanctions in Europe and Japan. The withdrawal of operations from major corporations and the loss of confidence by the global banking community caused South Africa's economy to go into a deep recession.[1]
The act also required various U.S. departments and agencies to suppress funds and assistance to the then pro-apartheid government.
President Ronald Reagan's veto was overridden by United States Congress (by the Senate 78 to 21, the House by 313 to 83). This override marked the first time in the 20th century that a president had a foreign policy veto overridden.[1]
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