Cohesion (geology)
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Cohesion is the component of shear strength of a rock or soil that is independent of interparticle friction.
In soils, true cohesion is caused by one of three things:
- Electrostatic forces in stiff overconsolidated clays (which may be lost through weathering)
- Cementing by Fe2O3, CaCO3, NaCl, etc
- Root cohesion (which may be lost through logging or fire of the contributing plants, or through solution)
There can also be apparent cohesion. This is caused by:
- Negative capillary pressure (which is lost upon wetting)
- Pore pressure response during undrained loading (which is lost through time)
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