Cinema of Bangladesh

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The Bangladeshi film industry, popularly known as, Dollywood is based in Dhaka as of 2004, it produced approximately 100 movies a year. The average movie's budget was about 6,500,000 Bangladeshi takas.^[1]

[edit] History

On April 24, 1898, the Bengali weekly Dhaka Prokash reported that films were shown in Dhaka by the Bredford Bioscope Company, at the Crown Theatre, in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat. The show included news items and other short features. The first permanent cinema in Dhaka, named Picture House, began operation during 1913–1914. This cinema was renamed to New Picture House and then again to Shabistan. By 1947 there were around 80 cinemas in what is now Bangladesh.^[2],[3]

The first Bengali organization for producing and exhibiting films was the Royal Bioscope Company, established in 1898 in Calcutta by Hiralal Sen. Although feature films were made in Bengali as early as 1919 (Bilwa Mangal), most production was done in Calcutta. The Nawab family of Dhaka produced Sukumari (1928–1929) and The Last Kiss (1931).^{[4],[3],[5],[6]}

The Bangladeshi film industry has often been criticized for producing low-quality films whose only appeal is that of sex, violence, or melodrama which is not true.

After the partition of India in 1947, the first film made in East Pakistan was a newsreel about the visit of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, produced in 1948 by the radio broadcaster Nazir Ahmed. The first full-length feature film with sound made in East Pakistan was Mukh O Mukhosh, which was produced by Abdul Jabbar Khan and released on August 3, 1956. Editing, printing and all other film processing for this movie was done in Lahore, Pakistan.^[7],[8],[9]

The East Bengal Provincial Assembly established the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) on April 3, 1957. The first film produced by this organization was Asiya (The Life of a Village Girl, 1960), directed by Fateh Lohani. During the late 1960s, between 20 and 35 films were produced each year. Production quantity continued to increase after Bangladesh gained its independence on December 16, 1971; in 1979, for example, 51 films were released, and in the 1990s over 90 films per year were released.^{[10],[11],[12],[13],[14]}

Recently, the Bangladeshi film industry has faced increased competition from foreign films, satellite TV, home video, and other sources. Viewership of Bangladeshi films has dropped, and the industry has been criticized for producing low-quality films whose only appeal is that of sex, violence, or melodrama.^[14],[1]

Although the majority of the films made in Bangladesh are strictly commercial in nature, a handful of directors from Bangladesh have attained critical acclamation for their outstanding work. Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Alamgir Kabir, Amjad Hussain, Humayun Ahmed are among those prominent directors. Bangladesh has been officially submitting nominations for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film from 2003.

[edit] Notable Films

• Mukh o Mukhosh (1956)of Abdul Jabbar Khan
• Asia (1960) of Fateh Lohani,
• Kakhono Asheni (1961), Kancher Deyal (1963), Sangam (1964), Anwara (1966) and Jiban Thekey Neya (1970) of Zahir Raihan,
• Surya Snan (1962), Je Nadi Maru Pathey (1961) and Dharapat (1964) of Salahuddin,
• Anek Diner Chena (1964), Nawab Sirajuddowla (1967), Soye Nadia Jagey Pani (1967) and Abar Tora Manush Ho (1973) of Khan Ataur Rahman,
• E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) of Ehtesham,
• Sutarang (1964), Kagajer Nawka (1966), Ayna O Abashista (1967), Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) and Dumurer Phul (1978) of Shubash Dutta,
• Nadi o Nari (1965) of Sadeque Khan,
• Shahid Titumir (1968) of Ibne Mijan,
• Dhire Bahey Meghna (1973), Surya Kanya (1975), Shimana Periyei (1977), Rupali Saikat (1979), Mohana (1982) and Parinita (1986) of Alamgir Kabir,
• Ora Egaro Jan (1972), Sangram (1973), Debdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shubhada (1986) and Hangar Nadi Grenade (1998) of Chashi Nazrul Islam,
• Nayan Moni (1975), Golapi Ekhan Treney (1979) and Bhat Dey (1983) of Amjad Hossain,
• Megher Anek Rang (1976) of Harunur Rashid,
• Alor Michhil (1974) and Lathial (1976) of Mita,
• Surya Dighal Badi (1979) of Seikh Niamat Ali and Masihuddin,
• Dahan (1985) of Seikh Niamat Ali,
• Ashikhita (1978) and Chhutir Ghanta (1989) of Azizur Rahman,
• Nolok (1978) of Shibli Sadique,
• Titas Ekti Nadir Nam (1973) of Hrittik Ghatak,
• Palanka (1976) of Rajen Tarafdar,
• Lalan Fakir (1973) and Lal Shabujer Pala of Syed Hasan Imam,
• Sareng Bou (1978) of Abdullah Al Mamun,
• Suprabhat (1976) of Kabir Anwar,
• Lal Kajal (1983) of Matin Rahman,
• Pension (1985) of Rafiqul Bari Chowdhury,
• Shankha Nil Karagar (1974) of Mostafizur Rahman,
• Aguner Parash Mani (1995) of Humayun Ahmad,
• Poka Makader Ghar Bashati (1996) of Akhtaruzzaman and
• Dukhai (1997) of Morshedul Islam.

[edit] Notable commercial films

• Chanda (1962) and Chandni (1991) of Ehtesham,
• Rupban (1995) of Salahuddin,
• Mala (1965) of Mostafiz,
• Sat Bhai Champa (1968) of Dilip Shom,
• Arun Barun Kiran Mala (1968) of Khan Ataur Rahman,
• Mlian (1964) of Rahman,
• Abujh Man (1972) and Maina-Mati (1969) of Kazi Jahir,
• Eto Tuku Asha (1969) of Mita,
• Rang Baj (1973), Ki Je Kori ( 1975), Ghor Jamai (1979), Pran Shojoni(1985) of Zahirul Huque,
• Challenge (1983) of A J Mintu,
• Keyamat Thekey Keyamat (1992) of Sohanur Rahman Sohan,
• Beder Meye Josna (1989) of Tozammel Huq Bakul,
• Dost-Dushman (1977) of Dewan Nazrul,
• Omar Sharif (1980) of Delwar Jahan Jhantu,
• Sawdagar (1981) of F Kabir Chowdhury,
• Bheja Chokh (19887) of Shibli Sadiq,
• Tomakey Chai (1996) and Nayan Mani (1998) of Matin Rahman,
• Gunahgar (1978) of Sohel Rana,
• Bishwa Premik (1996) of Shahidul Islam Khokon,
• Sagarika (1998) of Badal Khondoker ,
• Danga (1992), Teji (1998) & Ammazan (2000) of Kazi Hayat and
• Ranga Bou (1998) of Mohammad Hossain.

[edit] See also

• Bengali cinema

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b} Bangladeshis reject "smutty" Bengali films, AFP/Helen Rowe, accessed 27-VII-2006
2. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 1), accessed 27-VII-2006
3. ^ ^{a b} A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 3), accessed 27-VII-2006
4. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 2), accessed 27-VII-2006
5. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 4), accessed 27-VII-2006
6. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 5), accessed 27-VII-2006
7. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 7), accessed 27-VII-2006
8. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 9), accessed 27-VII-2006
9. ^ Celebrating 50 years of our cinema, Karim Waheed, The Daily Star (web edition), vol. 5, num. 431, accessed 27-VII-2006
10. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 10), accessed 27-VII-2006
11. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 11), accessed 27-VII-2006
12. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 12), accessed 27-VII-2006
13. ^ A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema (p. 13), accessed 27-VII-2006
14. ^ ^{a b} BANGLAPEDIA: Film, Feature, accessed 27-VII-2006

[edit] External links

• BANGLAPEDIA: Film, Feature
• Dallywood site
• A Brief History of Bangladesh Cinema, by Anupam Hayat

v • d • e Cinema of Bangladesh Films A-Z • Films by year • Actors • Directors • Composers • Producers • Screenwriters •