Chromosome 10 (human)

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Chromosome 10 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 10 spans about 135 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 10 likely contains between 800 and 1,200 genes.^[1]

[edit] Genes

The following are some of the genes located on chromosome 10:

CDH23: cadherin-like 23
CXCL12: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12, SDF-1, scyb12
EGR2: early growth response 2 (Krox-20 homolog, Drosophila)
ERCC6: excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 6
FGFR2: fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (bacteria-expressed kinase, keratinocyte growth factor receptor, craniofacial dysostosis 1, Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome)
PCBD1: 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase/dimerization cofactor of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (TCF1)
PCDH15: protocadherin 15
PTEN gene: phosphatase and tensin homolog (mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1)
RET: ret proto-oncogene (multiple endocrine neoplasia and medullary thyroid carcinoma 1, Hirschsprung disease)
UROS: uroporphyrinogen III synthase (congenital erythropoietic porphyria)

[edit] Diseases & disorders

The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 10:

Apert syndrome
Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4
Cockayne syndrome
congenital erythropoietic porphyria
Cowden syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
Hirschprung disease
Jackson-Weiss syndrome
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
nonsyndromic deafness
nonsyndromic deafness, autosomal recessive
Pfeiffer syndrome
porphyria
tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency
Usher syndrome
Usher syndrome type I
Wolman syndrome

[edit] References

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Deloukas P, French L, Meitinger T, Moschonas NK (2000). "Report of the third international workshop on human chromosome 10 mapping and sequencing 1999". Cytogenet Cell Genet 90 (1-2): 1–12. doi:10.1159/000015653. PMID 11060438.
Gilbert F (2001). "Chromosome 10". Genet Test 5 (1): 69–82. doi:10.1089/109065701753145664. PMID 11336406.