Champ (cryptozoology)
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| Champ | |
|---|---|
| Creature | |
| Name: | Champ |
| AKA: | Lake Champlain Monster |
| Classification | |
| Grouping: | Cryptid |
| Sub grouping: | Lake Monster / Sea Serpent |
| Data | |
| First reported: | 1609 |
| Last sighted: | 2005 |
| Country: | United States |
| Region: | Lake Champlain |
| Habitat: | Water |
| Status: | Unconfirmed |
Champ is the name given to a supposed monster living in Lake Champlain. [1] While there is no scientific evidence for the cryptid's existence, and many reasons against it, there have been over 300 reported sightings. The legend of the monster is considered a "big draw" for tourism in the Burlington, Vermont area.
Like the Loch Ness Monster, some believers in Champ consider it a relative of the plesiosaur, an extinct group of aquatic reptiles. A recent sound recording, said to be of Champ, consists of numerous echolocation clicks, suggesting that the alleged cryptid may be a new kind of freshwater whale or dolphin.
Contents |
[edit] Cultural importance to Vermont
Lake Champlain is a 125-mile (201 km)-long body of fresh water that is shared by New York and Vermont and just a few miles into Quebec, Canada.
The Champ legend is unquestioned by many in the area and has become a revenue-generating attraction.[2] For example, the village of Port Henry, New York, has erected a giant model of Champ and holds "Champ Day" on the first Saturday of every August.
As the mascot of Vermont's lone Minor League Baseball affiliate, the Vermont Lake Monsters, Champ became more prominent after the team was renamed from the Vermont Expos to the Vermont Lake Monsters. Champ has been the primary attraction of the New York - Penn League affiliate since their inception. Several nearby establishments, including a car wash, use "Champ" as a logo. There is also a town that has a tracking board that records every Champ sighting for the last 100 years; the latest was in 2005.[citation needed]
The legend is so much a part of life in Vermont and New York that both states have passed laws to "protect" the monster, putting it on the endangered species list "as a precaution".[3]
[edit] History of the legend
The first European account of a creature in Lake Champlain was supposedly made in 1609 by French explorer Samuel de Champlain — the founder of Québec and the lake's namesake — who spotted the creature as he was fighting the Iroquois on the bank of the lake.[1] However, in actuality no such sighting was recorded, and it has since been traced back to a 1970 article.[2]
Long before that, however, two Native American tribes, the Iroquois and the Abenaki, are alleged to have talked of such a creature and celebrated its existence. The Abenaki gave it the name "Tatoskok."[4]
The next important sighting came in 1883 when Sheriff Nathan H. Mooney claimed that he had seen a “…gigantic water serpent about 50 yards away” [5] from where he was on the shore. He claimed that he was so close that he could see “round white spots inside its mouth” and that “the creature appeared to be about 25 to 30 feet in length”. Mooney’s sighting led to many eyewitnesses coming forward with their own accounts of Champ sightings. Mooney’s story predated the public Loch Ness controversy by 50 years.
Many believe that Champ may be a plesiosaur similar to “Nessie,” claiming the two lakes have much in common. Like Loch Ness, Lake Champlain is over 400 feet (120 m) deep, and both lakes were formed from retreating glaciers following the end of the Ice Age about 10,000 years ago. Believers also claim both lakes support fish populations large enough to feed a supposed sea or lake monster (Krystek 1). This legend would require either a single 10,000 year old animal (which is scientifically impossible), or a breeding population of thirty.[6]
Champ became so popular that the late P. T. Barnum, in the early 19th century, put a reward of $50,000 up for a carcass of Champ. Barnum wanted the carcass of Champ so that he could include it in his epic World’s Fair Show (Krystek 3).
[edit] Mansi photograph
In 1977, amateur photographer Sandra Mansi released a photograph that appeared to show a plesiosaur-like body and neck sticking out of the lake[7]. Mansi later showed the photo, which is similar to the famous "Surgeon's photo" of the Loch Ness Monster, to Joseph W. Zarzynski.
Zarzynski, founder of the Lake Champlain Phenomena Investigation and a Wilton, New York Social Studies teacher, took the photo to Gorge Zug of the Smithsonian Institute’s Department of Vertebrate Zoology. Zug states that the creature in the photo does not resemble any creature or animal living in Lake Champlain (Hall 1).
The entire bay of the lake where the photograph reportedly was taken is no deeper than 14 feet (4.3 m). According to Nickell, there are few explanations for how a giant creature could swim, let alone hide, in such shallow water.[2] Furthermore, some people have suggested that the object in the photograph could possibly be a rising tree trunk or log. Rotting trees often gather volcanic gas in the process of decay, and sometimes rise to the water's surface at considerable speed.
[edit] Recent reports
Champ reportedly can be seen in a video taken by fishermen Dick Affolter and his stepson Pete Bodette in the summer of 2005.[8] Unfortunately, the video has been removed. However, frames can be viewed here. [9] In the video, something appears under the water near the fisherman's boat and some Champ defenders are calling it the best proof that the monster exists. Close examination of the images may be interpreted either as a head and neck of a plesiosaur-like animal and even an open mouth in one frame and a closed mouth in another; or as a fish or eel (see top link for frames). Although two retired FBI forensic image analysts, who reviewed the tape, said it appears authentic and unmanipulated, one of them added that "there's no place in there that I can actually see an animal or any other object on the surface."[1].
One piece of evidence, though not a "sighting" per se, is the recording of echolocation from within the lake by the Fauna Communications Research Institute in 2003, working as part of a Discovery Channel program. The group has concluded that the sounds they have recorded are similar to that of a Beluga Whale or perhaps an Orca, but not of a known animal, and no dolphin or whale species have been previously known to live in the lake.[10] Study of the Mansi Photo in this context has led to speculation that rather than a neck and head, the photo shows a flipper of some large animal in the act of rolling.[11]
[edit] Analysis of sightings
According to Nickell, the Affolter-Bodette account is just the latest in a long list of Champ sightings that describe a "chameleonesque creature that is black, gray, brown, moss green, reddish bronze or other color, and is between 10-187 feet long, with multiple humps or coils as well as horns or a mane or glowing eyes or 'jaws like an alligator'—or none of those features."[12]
The interpretation of Champlain's original account as describing Champ has come under fire, with skeptics saying that it merely describes a large native fish that most likely was a gar, rather than the "20-foot serpent thick as a barrel, and a head like a horse," as described in recently embellished retellings.[2]
The sightings can be accounted for in any of a number of ways, including imaginative interpretations of real sightings of large fish like garfish or other sturgeon, schools of fish, and other aquatic animals. "For example, otters, swimming in a line, can mimic a single long, serpentine creature moving in an undulating fashion," Nickell writes. "Other Champ suspects include wind slicks, boat wakes, driftwood, long-necked birds, and many other possibilities. A contributing factor is 'expectant attention,' the tendency of people who, expecting to see something, are misled by anything resembling [what they are looking for]."
[edit] See also
- Lake monster
- Cryptozoology
- Lake Tianchi Monster
- Loch Ness Monster
- Ogopogo
- Mokele mbembe
- Loveland Lizard
[edit] References
- ^ a b Govt. of Canada, "Canada's Lake Creature"
- ^ a b c d Nickell, J. "Investigative Files: Legend of the Lake Champlain Monster," Skeptical Inquirer, July 2003.
- ^ Champ Quest, "Vermont and New York Champ Protection Laws"
- ^ "Champ History". Lake Champlain Region.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-14.
- ^ Chorvinsky, M. "Nessie and Other Lake Monsters"
- ^ Is Lake Champlain Home to a Sea Serpent?
- ^ Champ – The Lake Champlain Monster
- ^ Is Lake Champlain Home to a Sea Serpent?
- ^ Cryptomundo.com » What Was In The ABC Champ Video?
- ^ lake champlain
- ^ Cryptozoology.com
- ^ Nickell, J "Lake Monster Resurfaces,' Special Articles, CSICOP"
[edit] External links
- Champ Information
- Search for Champ Yourself
- Champ and Lake Champlain conservation efforts through the Lake Champlain Land Trust
- "Monster of the Tub" Discovermagazine.com
- Short Student Documentary On the Monster Mutton Chop Productions
- New video of a possible sighting ABC News
