Castle an Dinas, St. Columb Major
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Castle an Dinas is an Iron Age hillfort near St. Columb Major in Cornwall, UK (grid reference SW945624) and is considered one of the most important hillforts in the southwest of Britain. It dates from around the second to third century BCE and consists of three ditch and rampart concentric rings, 850 feet above sea level. During the early 1960s it was excavated by a team led by Dr. Bernard Wailes of the University of Pennsylvania.
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[edit] Arthurian legend
Traditionally, Castle an Dinas is the hunting lodge (hunting seat) of King Arthur, from which he rode in the Tregoss Moor hunt. A stone in St. Columb allegedly bears the four footprints of his horse made whilst hunting.[1]
The earliest written history was written by William of Worcester during his visit to Cornwall in 1478. He noted that legend says that the fort was the place where Gorlois, Duke of Cornwall and husband of King Arthur's mother, met his untimely death.
[edit] Civil War
In March, 1646 during the English Civil War, Sir Ralph Hopton's Royalist troops camped for two nights within the rings of the fort.[2] Here they held a council of War where it was decided that they would surrender to the Parliamentarians. Only Hopton and Major General Webb voted against. A few days later Hopton surrendered at Tresillian Bridge near Truro.
[edit] Other notable occurences
In 1671, John Trehenban, from St. Columb Major, was condemned to be starved to death in a cage within the castle's rings for the murder of two girls.[3]
An extraordinary event that took place at the site was recorded by Cornish historian Samuel Drew, a ghost army was seen in the sky above Castle an Dinas around 1798. (If true, most likely an unusual but documented form of mirage.)
In 1904 a young woman was murdered on the site by a jealous lover, he too then took his own life..[4].
The Old Cornwall Society hold their traditional annual midsummer bonfires here on the highest point of the fort.
[edit] Castle-an-Dinas mine
From 1916 to 1957 it was the site of Cornwall's largest wolfram mine. Many of the old buildings and workings remain standing. The mine is the type locality for the mineral Russellite.[5] Other minerals found here include: Arsenopyrite, Cacoxenite, Löllingite, Phlogopite, Russellite Topaz Turquoise [6]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ A Gazetteer of Arthurian Topographic Folklore. Retrieved on 2006-03-07.
- ^ Sir Ralph Hopton - Lord Hopton, 1st Baron of Stratton. Retrieved on 2006-03-07.
- ^ Beehive. Retrieved on 2006-03-07.
- ^ Terrible tragedy at St. Columb, young lady found. West Briton & Cornwall Advertiser (June 16 1904). Retrieved on 2006-03-07.
- ^ Embrey, P. G.; Symes, R. F. (1987). "The Mines and Mining", Minerals of Cornwall and Devon. London: British Museum (Natural History), p.54. ISBN 0565009893.
- ^ Castle-an-Dinas Mine, St Columb Major, Belowda Area, St Austell District, Cornwall, England, UK
[edit] External links
[edit] Reading
- Tony Brooks, Castle-an-Dinas 1916-1957: Cornwall's Premier Wolfram Mine (ISBN 1-900147-15-7)
