Cassiques

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For similar terms, see Cacique (disambiguation).

Cassiques and Landgraves were pre-Revolutionary, English colonial titles of nobility in the "low lands" of South Carolina and Charleston, South Carolina in the late 1600s and 1700s. The Cassiques (also spelled caziques) were a placement of noble English subjects that were brought to power by the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina.

[edit] Identified Landgraves, Landgravines, and Cassiques, of colonial South Carolina

This is a list of identified South Carolina landgraves, landgravines (female version) and cassiques (female term unknown). Their "baronies" often had Native American names. Seemingly, only about half of this colonial South Carolina nobility ever reached its soil. One man was both Cassique and Landgrave. In some cases, the title seems to have been inherited.

Gov. John Archdale, Landgrave, Created 1694
Christopher Arthur, Esq., Landgrave/Cassique? (Created c1724, of "Cypress" Barony)
John Ashby, Esq., Cassique, "Quenby" (aka "Yadhaw"), Created 1682
Hon. Daniel Axtell, Sr., Landgrave, Created 1681
Hon. Holland Axtell, Landgrave, Created 1692
Lady Rebecca Pratt Axtel, Landgravine? (Of "Newington" Barony)
John Bailey, Esq., Landgrave, Created 1682 (Of "Otter Island" Barony)
John Bayley, Esq., Landgrave/Cassique? (16,200a "Hilton Head Island" Barony?)
Sir Edmund Bellinger, Sr., Landgrave, Created 1698 (Of "Tombodly" & "Ashepoo" Baronies)
Edmund Bellinger, Jr., Esq., Landgrave, Inherited c1705
Sir Edmund Bellinger, III, Landgrave, Inherited
Thomas Bellinger, Esq., Landgrave, Inherited
Col. Edward Berkerley (Fictional), Cassique, "Created" c1684 (Of [Fictional] "Kiawah" Barony)
Daniel Blake, Esq., Landgrave?, Inherited c1751
Gov. & Gen. Joseph Blake, Sr., Landgrave, Created 1696 ("Plainfield" Barony)
Col. Joseph Blake, Jr., Landgrave, Inherited c1700
Hon. James Carteret, Landgrave, Created 1670
Hon. John (Carteret?), Landgrave, Created c1718 (Of "Hobcaw" Barony)
Gov. James Colleton, Landgrave, Created 1670/71 (Of "Fairlawn" Barony)
Hon. Peter Colleton, Landgrave
Hon. Thomas Colleton, Sr., Landgrave, Created 1681 (Of "Cypres" Barony)
Hon. William Craven, Landgrave & Cassique
Deputy Gov. Robert Daniell, Landgrave, Created c1711 (Of "Winyah" Barony)
Dr. Christopher Dominick, Cassique
John Ffoster, Esq., Cassiqie, Created c1677/78
John Gibbs, Esq., Cassique, Created 1682
Hon. James Griffths, Landgrave, Created 1707 (Of "Port Royal" Barony)
Hon. ???? Griffiths, Landgrave, Inherited After 1707 (Father of James Griffiths)
Hon. William Hodgson, Landgrave & Cassique
Col. Samuel Horsey, Landgrave
Lady Mary Ketelby Johnston, Landgravine?, Inherited
Gov. Robert Johnston, Landgrave?
Gov. Sir Nathaniel Johnson, Landgrave & Cassique, Created 1686
Edward Juckes, Esq., Landgrave
Hon. Abel Ketelby, Sr., Landgrave, Created 1708/09
Gov. Richard Kyrle, Landgrave, Created 1684
Hon. John Locke, Landgrave, Created 1671
Gov. Philip Ludwell, Cassique
John Monke, Esq., Cassique, Created 1682/83
Gov. James Moore, Landgrave
Gov. Joseph Morre, Landgrave
Hon. Joseph Morton, I, Landgrave, Created 1681
Hon. Joseph Morton, II, Landgrave
Joseph Pendarvis, Esq., Landgrave? (Often incorrectly designated Landgrave)
Col. Andrew Percival, Landgrave?, Created c1677
Gov. John Price, Landgrave
Maj. Thomas Rowe, Cassique, Created 1682
Lady Statira Elizabeth Farquarson Johnston Rundell, Landgravine? (Inherited?)
Henry Smith, Esq., Landgrave, Inherited
John Smith, Esq., Cassique, Created 1682 ("Boo-shoo" Barony)
Col. Joseph Smith, Landgrave, Inherited ("Wiskinboo" Barony)
Gov. Thomas Smith, Jr., Cassique & Landgrave (Smith's barony may have included Smith's/Bald Head Island, N.C.)
Hon. Thomas Smith, Jr., Landgrave
Gov. Seth Sothell, Landgrave (title "Suspended")
Hon. Joseph West, Landgrave, Created 1684
Capt. Henry Wilkinson, Cassique, Created 1681
Edward Willimot, Esq., Landgrave (title "Suspended")
Lady Elizabeth Bellinger Wright, Landgravine?, Inherited
John Wyche, Esq., Landgrave, Created Prior to 1701
Gov. John Yeamans, Landgrave, Created 1671