CAMS 37
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| 37 | |
|---|---|
| Type | Reconnaissance flying boat |
| Manufacturer | CAMS |
| Designed by | Maurice Hurel |
| Maiden flight | 1926 |
| Primary user | French Navy |
| Number built | ca. 80 |
The CAMS 37 was a flying boat built in France in the mid 1920s that was originally designed for military reconnaissance, but which found use in a wide variety of roles in a large number of versions. It was the first design for Chantiers Aéro-Maritimes de la Seine (CAMS) by the company's new head designer, Maurice Hurel. The prototype was displayed at the 1926 Salon de l'Aéronautique in Paris. The prototype first flew in 1926, and after testing was ordered into service before the end of the year [1]. It was a conventional biplane flying boat very similar to previous CAMS designs, being driven by a pusher propeller whose engine was mounted on struts in the interplane gap. The first production version was the amphibious CAMS 37A that was bought by the French Navy, the Portuguese government, and the aeroclub of Martinique.
The aircraft became something of a jack-of-all-trades for the French Navy, operating from every Naval Air Station and from many capital ships. Some of the type's most significant moments were trials conducted by Compagnie Générale Transatlantique on the SS Île de France to evaluate the feasibility of catapult-launched mailplanes for their transatlantic liners using two specially-built 37/10s. Another famous use of the aircraft was on René Guilbaud's long range flight through Africa and the Mediterranean between 12 October 1927 and 9 March 1927, venturing as far as Madagascar before returning to Marseille. In the course of the flight, he covered 22,600 km (14,000 miles) in 38 stages without incident.
The CAMS 37 was gradually phased out of operational service in the mid to late 1930s, and by the time World War II started in September 1939, the aircraft had been relegated to training and communication roles. On mobilisation, however, CAMS 37/11 trainers were used by two units for coastal patrol, with one unit, Escadrille 2S2 continuing in service until August 1940.[1] Outside mainland France, CAMS 37/11 trainers continued in use with a Free French unit in Tahiti until 15 January 1941, and with a Vichy France unit in Indochina until 1942 [1]
[edit] Variants
- 37 - prototype (1 built)
- 37A - amphibious version (24 built)
- 37/2 - pure flying boat version incorporating refinements from 37A amphibian (ca. 50 built)
- 37A/3 - reinforced hull
- 37A/6 - enclosed cabin admiral's barge for French Navy (3 built)
- 37A/7 - (or 37Lia) liaison amphibian
- 37A/9 - metal-hulled officer transport for French Navy
- 37/10 - version for catapult trials (2 built)
- 37/11 - trainer version
- 37/12 - civil version with enclosed four-seat cabin (1 built)
- 37/13 - (or 37bis) metal-hulled version for catapult launching from ships
- 37C - (or 37GR) long-distance version (1 built)
[edit] Operators
[edit] Specifications (37/2)
General characteristics
- Crew: Three
- Length: 11.43 m (37 ft 6 in)
- Wingspan: 14.50 m (47 ft 7 in)
- Height: 4.20 m (13 ft 9 in)
- Wing area: 59.9 m² (644 ft²)
- Empty weight: 2,170 kg (4,784 lb)
- Gross weight: 3,000 kg (6,614 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Lorraine 12Ed, 336 kW (450 hp)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 185 km/h (115 mph)
- Range: 1,200 km (748 miles)
- Service ceiling: 3,500 m (11,480 ft)
Armament
- 2 × trainable .303 Lewis gun in bow position
- 2 × trainable .303 Lewis gun in dorsal position
- 300 kg (660 lb) of bombs carried under lower wing
[edit] References
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions, 226.
- World Aircraft Information Files. London: Bright Star Publishing, File 891 Sheet 02.
- aviafrance.com
[edit] See also
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