Battle of ein-ul-tamr

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Battle of Ein-ul-tamr

Part of Islamic conquest of Persia and
Campaigns of Khalid ibn al-Walid

Date	633 AD
Location	Iraq
Result	Decisive Muslim victory^[1]

Belligerents

Rashidun Caliphate

Sassanid Imperial troops ^[2] along with their Arab Christian auxiliaries^[3]

Commanders

Khalid ibn al-Walid

Aqqa ibn Qays ibn Bashir

Strength

500-600^[4]

Unknown number, although it consisted of a "great" following of Arab Christian tribes and Sassanian troops. ^[5]

Casualties and losses

Few

High^[6]

When the Moslem Army conquered the town of Ein-Ul-Tamr they found a number of Arab christian priests in a monestry. One of them was called Nusair another called Serine. They both embraced Islam, Nusair is the father of Mosa Ben Nusair , the supreme commander of the forces which later conquered Spain under the leadweship of Tariq Ben Zeyad, the second in command for Mosa Ben Nusair. Serine , the other convert, is the father of the scholar Ibn Serine who became one of the more celebrated moslem theologians.

Muslim conquest of the Persian Empire

Chains – River – Walaja – Ullais – Hira – Al-Anbar – Ein-ul-tamr – Daumat-ul-Jandal – Muzayyah – Saniyy – Zumail – Firaz – Bridge – Al-Qādisiyyah – Nihawānd

v • d • e

Campaigns of

Khalid ibn al-Walid

Conquest of Arabia
Uhud – Mu'tah – Mecca – Hunayn – Ta'if
Ridda Wars
Yamama – Zafar – Daumat-ul-Jandal – Buzakha –
Ghamra – Naqra
Conquest of the Persian Empire
Chains – River – Walaja – Ullais – Hira – Al-Anbar – Ein-ul-tamr – Daumat-ul-Jandal – Muzayyah – Saniyy – Zumail – Firaz
Conquest of Roman Syria
Firaz – Qarteen – Bosra – Ajnadayn – Marj-al-Rahit – Fahl – Damascus - Maraj-al-Debaj - Emesa - Yarmouk - Jerusalem – Hazir - Aleppo
Campaigns in Anatolia
Iron Bridge - Kahramanmaraş

This battle took place in modern day Iraq (Mesopotamia) between the early Muslim Arab forces and the Sassanians along with their Arab Christian auxiliary forces. Ein-ul-tamr is located west of Anbar and was a frontier post which had been established to aid the Sassanids. ^[7] The Muslims under Khalid ibn al-Walid's command soundly defeated the Sassanian auxiliary force, which included large numbers of non-Muslim Arabs who broke earlier covenants with the Muslims.^[8] According to non-Muslim sources, Khalid ibn al-Walid captured the Arab Christian commander, Aqqa ibn Qays ibn Bashir, with his own hands. ^[9]

After the battle, some Persians had hoped that the Muslim commander, Khalid ibn al-Walid, would be "like those Arabs who would raid [and withdraw]." ^[10] However, Khalid continued to press further against the Persians and their allies in the subsequent Battle of Daumat-ul-jandal.

[edit] On-line Resources

A.I. Akram, The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns Lahore, 1969

[edit] References

^ Iraq After the Muslim Conquest By Michael G. Morony, pg. 224
^ Annals of the Early Caliphate By William Muir pg. 85
^ Iraq After the Muslim Conquest By Michael G. Morony, pg 224
^ The Origins of the Islamic State, Being a Translation from the Arabic, Accompanied with ... By Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā al-Balādhurī, Philip Khūri Hitti, pg 169
^ Annals of the Early Caliphate by William Muir, pg 85
^ Islam at War: A History By George F. Nafziger, Mark W. Walton, pg. 20
^ The Caliph's Last Heritage: A Short History of the Turkish Empire By Mark Sykes
^ The Book of Revenue: Kitab Al-Amwal By Abu 'Ubayd Al-Qasim Ibn Sallam, pg 194
^ Annals of the Early Caliphate By William Muir, pg. 85
^ Poetics Of Islamic Historiography: Deconstructing Tabari's History By Boaz Shoshan, pg. 55