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Army of the Mississippi was the name given to two Union armies that operated around the Mississippi River, both with short existences, during the American Civil War.
[edit] History
The first army was created on February 23, 1862, with Maj. Gen. John Pope in command. At its creation the army consisted of 4 divisions and served along the Mississippi River. The army was expanded to 5 divisions and fought at the Battle of Island Number Ten. The army became the Left Wing of Maj. Gen. Henry Halleck's Western Army Group. During the Siege of Corinth the army was consolidated into two wings of two divisions each. Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans commanded the Left Wing (1st and 2nd Divisions) and Brig. Gen. Schuyler Hamilton directed the Right Wing (2nd and 3rd Divisions). After the siege Pope was sent to east to command the Army of Virginia and Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans assumed command. The army was strengthened by two divisions from the Army of West Tennessee and fought at the battles of Iuka and Corinth. Rosecrans was transferred to command of the Army of the Ohio and the current army was discontinued in October 1862 and the regiments were organized into the XIII Corps.
In 1863 Maj. Gen. John A. McClernand was put in command of the expedition against down the Mississippi. He was given command of two corps from the Army of the Tennessee, his own XIII Corps led by Brig. Gen. George W. Morgan and Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's XV Corps. McClernand named his force the "Army of the Mississippi" and redesignated the XIII Corps the I Corps, Army of the Mississippi, and the XV Corps became the II Corps, Army of the Mississippi. McClernand was successful in capturing Arkansas Post. Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant did not like McClernand and after Sherman and Admiral Andrew H. Foote both voiced their opinions that McClernand was unfit to command, Grant personally took command of the expedition against Vicksburg and the old XIII Corps and XV Corps were returned to the Army of the Tennessee on January 12, 1863.
[edit] Command History
1862
1863
[edit] References
- Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
[edit] External links
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Union Army Formations |
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Independent
Departments |
- Department of the East: District of Central New York, District of Massachusetts, District of Western New York
- Department of the Pacific: District of Arizona, District of Humboldt, District of Oregon (military), District of California, District of Southern California
- Department of the Potomac
- Department of the South: District of Florida, District of Hilton Head, District of North Carolina, District of Savannah, Northern District (Charleston)
- Department of Virginia and North Carolina: District of Eastern Virginia, District of North Carolina
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Middle
Military
Division |
- Middle Department: Department of Rappahannock, Department of Shenandoah, Mountain Department
- Department of Pennsylvania: Department of the Monongahela, Department of the Susquehanna
- Department of Washington: District of Alexandria, District of Saint Mary's, District of Washington
- Department of West Virginia: District of Harper's Ferry, Kanawha District
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Military
Division of the
Mississippi |
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Military
Division of
West
Mississippi |
- Department of Arkansas: District of Eastern Arkansas, District of the Frontier, District of Little Rock
- Department of the Gulf: District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson, District of Carrollton, District of Key West and Tortugas, District of La Fourche, District of West Florida and South Alabama
- Department of Kansas: District of Colorado (military), District of Nebraska, District of North Kansas, District of South Kansas, District of Upper Arkansas
- Department of Missouri: District of Central Missouri, District of North Missouri, District of Rolla, District of Saint Louis, District of Southwest Missouri
- Department of New Mexico: District of Arizona
- Department of the Northwest: District of Iowa, District of Minnesota, District of Wisconsin
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| Union Armies |
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| Union Army Corps |
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