Antoine Pinay
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| Antoine Pinay | |
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140th Prime Minister of France
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| In office March 8, 1952 – January 8, 1953 |
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| Preceded by | Edgar Faure |
| Succeeded by | René Mayer |
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| Born | December 30, 1891 |
| Died | December 13, 1994 (aged 102) |
| Political party | CNIP |
Antoine Pinay (December 30, 1891, Saint-Symphorien-sur-Coise, Rhône, France - December 13, 1994) was a French conservative politician. He served as Prime Minister of France from 1952 - 1953 (technically, "president of the Council").
Early in life, Pinay managed a small business. He served as mayor of Saint-Chamond (Loire) from 1929 to 1977.[1] He was elected to the French National Assembly in 1936, running as a conservative. On July 10, 1940 he voted to give full constitutional power to the Maréchal Philippe Pétain, leading to the creation of the Vichy Regime.In 1941, Antoine Pinay was appointed to the Conseil National of the Vichy Regime. He was also awarded the Francisque.[2] During the Occupation, Antoine Pinay remained mayor of Saint-Chamond, although he had been urged by General Georges to move to Algiers, in order to better protect the residents of this city. At the Liberation, Antoine Pinay was first placed on house arrest, and stripped of his right to be candidate to an election on September 5, 1945. After the intervention of René Cassin, the vice-president of the Conseil d'État, who pointed his fierce opposition to the german occupation, his citizen rights were restored on October 5, 1945. On june 2, 1946 he could successfully ran for election to the Assemblée Constituante as a moderate candidate.[3]
After WWII, he acquired the reputation as one of France's more spirited politicians. He is remembered today as the longest lived former Prime Minister of any country.
After World War II, he helped create a conservative party, the National Center of Independents and Peasants (CNIP). He became Prime Minister in 1952 by virtue of being the most popular elected CNIP official. His ministry was seen as the return of the "classical right," discredited since the Liberation. He stabilized the finances of the French nation and the French currency. In 1955, he was one of the participants of the Messina Conference, which would lead to the Treaty of Rome in 1957.
During the May 1958 crisis precipitated by the Algerian war, he supported De Gaulle's return to power and approved of the Fifth Republic's constitution. He served as Finance Minister until 1960. In 1973, he was made "Médiateur de la République" (Ombudsman) by President Georges Pompidou.[4]
Because of injuries suffered in WWI, his right arm was paralyzed.
[edit] Pinay's Ministry, 8 March 1952 - 8 January 1953
- Antoine Pinay - President of the Council and Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs
- Henri Queuille - Vice President of the Council
- Robert Schuman - Minister of Foreign Affairs
- René Pleven - Minister of National Defense
- Charles Brune - Minister of the Interior
- Jean-Marie Louvel - Minister of Commerce and Energy
- Pierre Garet - Minister of Labour and Social Security
- Léon Martinaud-Deplat - Minister of Justice
- Pierre-Olivier Lapie - Minister of National Education
- Emmanuel Temple - Minister of Veterans and War Victims
- Camille Laurens - Minister of Agriculture
- Pierre Pflimlin - Minister of Overseas France
- André Morice - Minister of Public Works, Transport, and Tourism
- Paul Ribeyre - Minister of Public Health and Population
- Eugène Claudius-Petit - Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning
- Roger Duchet - Minister of Posts
- Jean Letourneau - Minister of Relations with Partner States
Changes
- 11 August 1952 - André Marie succeeds Lapie as Minister of National Education.
| Preceded by Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury |
Minister of Public Works, Transport, and Tourism 1950—1952 |
Succeeded by André Morice |
| Preceded by Edgar Faure |
Prime Minister of France 1952–1953 |
Succeeded by René Mayer |
| Preceded by Robert Buron |
Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs 1952–1953 |
Succeeded by Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury |
| Preceded by Edgar Faure |
Minister of Foreign Affairs 1955–1956 |
Succeeded by Christian Pineau |
| Preceded by Edgar Faure |
Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs 1958–1960 |
Succeeded by Wilfrid Baumgartner |
| Preceded by Édouard Bonnefous |
interim Minister of Public Works, Transport, and Tourism 1958 |
Succeeded by Robert Buron |
- ^ The New York Times December 14, 1994
- ^ Antoine Pinay, ou l’empreinte d’un mythe L'Humanité, December 14, 1994
- ^ Biography on the Assemblée Nationale Web site (Covers only Pinay's carrier from 1936 to 1958)
- ^ TIME Magazine, Feb. 19, 1973.
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