15th century in Wales
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This article is about the particular significance of the century 1400 - 1499 to Wales and its people.
Contents |
[edit] Princes of Wales
- Henry of Monmouth (later King Henry V) (to 1413)
- Owain Glyndŵr (unofficially, 1400-1415)
- Edward of Westminster (1454-1471)
- Edward of the Sanctuary (later King Edward V) (1471-1483)
- Edward of Middleham (1483-1484)
- Arthur Tudor (from 1489)
[edit] Princesses of Wales
- Margaret Hanmer (unofficially, 1400-1415)
- Anne Neville (?December 1470 - May 4, 1471)
[edit] Events
1400
- September 16 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers.
- September 19 - Ruthin Castle is destroyed by the Welsh rebels.
- September 22 - Oswestry is sacked by Glyndwr's followers.
- September 26 - King Henry IV of England arrives in Shrewsbury with an army to put down the rebelliion.
- November - An affray occurs at Westminster between the followers of Adam of Usk and those of his enemy Walter Jakes.
1401
- Good Friday - Conwy Castle is taken by supporters of Owain Glyndŵr.
- June - Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen, first major victory for the Welsh rebels led by Owain Glyndŵr.
1402
- January - Owain Glyndŵr captures his arch-enemy, Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn.
- June 22 - Battle of Bryn Glas (also known as the Battle of Pilleth) ends in victory for Glyndŵr. The Welsh capture Edmund Mortimer.
1403
- July - Owain Glyndŵr captures Carreg Cennen Castle.
- July 21 - Battle of Shrewsbury ends in defeat and death of Henry Percy, an ally of Owain Glyndŵr. Henry of Monmouth is seriously wounded in the battle.
- Autumn - Battle of Stalling Down near Cowbridge.
1404
- Owain Glyndŵr holds a parliament at Machynlleth.
1405
- May 5 - Battle of Pwll Melyn - first major defeat for Glyndŵr.
- July - A French force arrives in Wales to assist the rebels, but fails to make any impact.
- August - Owain Glyndŵr holds his second parliament, at Harlech Castle.
1406
- Owain Glyndŵr writes the "Pennal letter" to the King of France, outlining his policy for the future government of Wales.
1407
- October 12 - The Pope appoints Henry Chichele Bishop of St David's.
1408
- Adam of Usk returns to Wales, seeking the patronage of Owain Glyndŵr.
1409
- Harlech Castle is captured by Henry of Monmouth. Margaret Hanmer (Glyndŵr's wife), her children and grandchildren are taken prisoner. As far as is known, most of them later die in captivity.
1410
- Sir John Scudamore marries Alys, daughter of Owain Glyndŵr.
1411
- Sir William Gamage succeeds to the Coity estates on the death of Sir Laurence Berkerolles.
1412
- Owain Glyndŵr captures and ransoms Dafydd Gam.
1415
- September 21 - Owain Glyndŵr goes into hiding. His subsequent whereabouts and date of death are unknown.
- October 25 - Battle of Agincourt. Welsh archers are key to Henry V's victory over a much larger French army.
1418
- Gruffydd Young, Owain's former Chancellor, is appointed Bishop of Ross.
1420
- March 4 - Settlement made at Shrewsbury between Edward Cherleton, Lord of Powys, and Sir Gruffudd Vaughan, his brother Ieuan ap Gruffydd, and two yeomen for the capture of Sir John Oldcastle in 1417.
1421
- Maredudd ab Owain Glyndŵr accepts a pardon from King Henry V of England.
1435
- Work begins on the construction of Raglan Castle.
1450
- April - William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, is taken prisoner at the Battle of Formigny.
- Eisteddfod at Carmarthen: Dafydd ab Edmwnd wins the silver chair for his poetry.
1452
- King Henry VI of England acknowledges and ennobles his half-brothers, Edmund and Jasper Tudor.
1455
1460
- July 23 - John De la Bere resigns as Bishop of St David's after supporting the Tudors in the civil war.
1468
- Jun 24 - Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, grants a charter to Neath Abbey.
1470
- December (probable) - Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, marries (or is betrothed to) Anne Neville.
1471
- May 4 - Battle of Tewkesbury ends Lancastrian hopes of regaining the ascendance over the House of York. King Edward IV of England is victorious, and Edward of Westminster becomes the only Prince of Wales ever to die in battle. Sir John Donne is knighted on the field.
- October 13 - Richard Redman is consecrated as Bishop of St Asaph.
1472
- Edward, Prince of Wales, takes up residence at Ludlow Castle, the seat of the Council of Wales and the Marches.
1473
- Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers, is appointed Governor of the Prince of Wales's Household. John Alcock, Bishop of Rochester and the prince's tutor, becomes President of the Council of Wales and the Marches.
1485
- August 22 - Battle of Bosworth Field: Henry Tudor defeats King Richard III to become the third and last Welsh-born King of England.
- November 7 - Jasper Tudor marries Catherine Woodville.
1486
- January 18 - King Henry VII marries Elizabeth of York.
1488
- Jasper Tudor takes possession of Cardiff Castle.
[edit] Works
1450s
- Reginald Pecock - Represser of over-much weeting [blaming] of the Clergie
[edit] Births
1430
- probable - Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (d. 1456)
1431
- probable - Jasper Tudor, soldier (d. 1495)
1451
- March 5 - William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (d. 1491)
1457
- January 28 - Henry Tudor, later King Henry VII, born two months after the death of his father (d. 1509)
1470
- November 4 - Edward "of the Sanctuary", future Prince of Wales and King of England (d. 1483?)
1485
- December 16 - Catherine of Aragon, future Princess of Wales (d. 1536)
1486
- September 19 - Arthur, Prince of Wales (d. 1502)
1491
- June 28 - Henry, Duke of York, later Prince of Wales and King Henry VIII
[edit] Deaths
1400
- February 14 - King Richard II of England, formerly Prince of Wales (1376-77), 33
1410
- April 11 - John Trevor, Bishop of St Asaph
1415
- October 25 - Dafydd Gam, soldier
1422
- August 31 - Henry V of England, former Prince of Wales, 34
1430
- date unknown - Adam of Usk, chronicler
1435
- October 25 - Philip Morgan, Bishop of Ely
1437
- January 3 - Catherine of Valois, widow of Henry V of England and secret wife of Owen Tudor, 35
1445
- date unknown - Sir William ap Thomas, builder of Raglan Castle
1446
- October 21 - William Lyndwood, Bishop of St David's
1460
- date unknown - Reginald Pecock, Bishop of St Asaph
1461
- February 2 - Owen Tudor, courtier, 60? (executed)
1467
- November 21 - John Low, Bishop of St Asaph
1469
- July - William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke (executed)
1471
- date unknown - Sir Roger Vaughan of Tretower (executed)
1483
- June 25 - Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers, Governor of the Prince of Wales's Household, 41? (executed)
1484
- April 9 - Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales, aged about 10
