Suffolk, Virginia

Suffolk is an independent city located in the South Hampton Roads area of eastern Virginia. Geographically, it is the largest of the Seven Cities of Hampton Roads, and the largest independent city in land-area in the entire Commonwealth. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 63,677. A more recent 2006 census estimate shows that the city's population has grown to 81,071 [1]. The city was hit by an EF3 tornado which produced a large swath of extensive damage through the city and nearby communities during the late afternoon of Monday 28 April, 2008. [2]

1 History
2 Geography
3 Demographics
4 Education
5 Adjacent Counties and Cities
6 Communities
7 Transportation
8 Economy
9 Media
10 Sister cities
11 Notables
12 April 2008 Suffolk Tornado
13 See also
14 References
15 External links

[edit] History

Suffolk began in 1742 as a port town on the Nansemond River in the Virginia Colony. Originally known as Constance's Warehouse, Suffolk was named after Royal Governor William Gooch's home of Suffolk in East Anglia in England.

Early in its history, Suffolk became a land transportation gateway to the areas east of it in South Hampton Roads. Before the American Civil War, both the Portsmouth and Roanoke Railroad and the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad had been built through Suffolk, early predecessors of 21st century Class 1 railroads operated by CSX Transportation and Norfolk Southern respectively. Other railroads and later major highways followed.

Peanuts grown in the surrounding areas became a major industry for Suffolk. Notably, Planters Peanuts was established in Suffolk beginning in 1912. Suffolk was the "birthplace" of Mr. Peanut, the mascot of Planters Peanuts. For many years, the call-letters of local AM radio station WLPM stood for World's Largest Peanut Market.

Long surrounded by Nansemond County, Suffolk progressively became an incorporated town in 1808 and an independent city in 1906 before combining by mutual agreement in 1974 with the former county, which had also become an independent city (City of Nansemond) only 18 months earlier, including the former outlying unincorporated towns of Holland and Whaleyville. The newly-consolidated cities assumed the name of Suffolk, creating the largest city geographically in Virginia.

For more details on this topic, see History of Suffolk, Virginia.

[edit] Geography

Suffolk is located at 36°44′28″N, 76°36′35″W (36.741347, -76.609881)^[3].

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 429.1 square miles (1,111.3 km²), of which, 400.0 square miles (1,036.0 km²) of it is land and 29.0 square miles (75.2 km²) of it (6.77%) is water.

Part of the Great Dismal Swamp is located in Suffolk.

Suffolk is known as the largest city in land mass compared to the other cities that are part of the Hampton Roads area.

[edit] Demographics

Age distribution in Suffolk

As of the census^[1] of 2000, there were 63,677 people, 23,283 households, and 17,718 families residing in the city. The population density was 159.2 people per square mile (61.5/km²). There were 24,704 housing units at an average density of 61.8/sq mi (23.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 53.82% White, 43.53% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.77% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.37% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.27% of the population.

There were 23,283 households out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 16.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.9% were non-families. 20.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.8% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,115, and the median income for a family was $47,342. Males had a median income of $35,852 versus $23,777 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,836. About 10.8% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 11.2% of those age 65 or over.

As of 2005, the city's median household income jumped to $60,484 due to the influx of government-related high-tech jobs in the city's northern corridor and wealthy residents, causing it to be a close second to its neighbor Chesapeake in South Hampton Roads. [3]

[edit] Education

Main article: Suffolk City Public Schools

Suffolk Public Schools, the local public school system, operates 13 elementary schools, four middle schools, three high schools, and one alternative school.

[edit] Adjacent Counties and Cities

[edit] Communities

The communities in contemporary Suffolk vary widely, from the urbanized areas and downtown section of the former town of Suffolk, to suburban neighborhoods, and areas which were rural farms, woodlands, or grew as small unincorporated towns. The following is a partial listing (alphabetical):

Uptown
River View: This neighborhood is an upper-class white neighborhood where the Nansemond River runs through. Located after you pass the Boston borough on the east side of Suffolk off East Constance road.
Lake View: This neighborhood is also an upper-class white neighborhood where the River turns into a lake. Located near the Lipton tea plant tucked away near the borough of Saratoga separated by railroad tracks and a wall.
Orlando: This community is basically Factory St. and those streets branching off it. It is closest to the South Suffolk, Pleasant Hill community and is separated by a set of railroad tracks. Even though it is spelled like the metropolis in Florida, in Suffolk, most pronounce it as "Eye-landa".
Belleville: the home of the Church of God and Saints of Christ.
Bennetts Creek
Boston
Burbage Grant: Northeast intersection of College Drive and Townpoint Road. Bordered on the north by James River. Separated from City of Portsmouth by Hoffler Creek.
Chuckatuck
College Square
Crittenden
Cypress Farm
Cypress Manor
Downtown
Driver
East Suffolk Gardens: one of many middle class African-American neighborhoods in the city.
Hall Place
Harbour View: Large planned development in the Northeastern quadrant of the city.
Holland
Hollywood: one of the many middle class African-American neighborhoods in the city.
Huntersville
Jericho
Lake Kennedy
Northern Suffolk
Pughsville
Saratoga
South Quay: Abandoned Colonial-era port on the east bank of the Blackwater River. Now known to locals as "South Key" neighborhood, loosely bounded by HWY 189, 666, and 747 in the southwestern corner of the city near Franklin.
Southside Manor
South Suffolk
Suburban Woods
Walnut Hill: One of the newer middle class neighborhoods in the city located off White Marsh Road and ends on the other side of the Orlando community
Whaleyville
Williamstown

[edit] Transportation

Suffolk's early growth was fueled by its location and transportation considerations. These continue to be major factors in the 21st century.

[edit] Waterways

Suffolk was initially a port at the head of navigation of the Nansemond River. The Nansemond River flows into the James River near its mouth and the great ice-free harbor of Hampton Roads.

[edit] Railroads

The two railroads completed through Suffolk before the American Civil War were later joined by four more. These were eventually consolidated during the modern merger era of North American railroads which began around 1960. Today, Suffolk is served by three freight railroads, and is located on a potential line for high speed passenger rail service between Richmond and South Hampton Roads being studied by the Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation.

[edit] Highways

Suffolk is served by U.S. Highways 13, 58, 258, and 460. Interstate 664, part of the Hampton Roads Beltway, crosses through the northeastern edge of the city. State Route 10 is also a major highway in the area.

In 2006, Suffolk assumed control of its road system from the Virginia Department of Transportation, which is customary among Virginia's independent cities, although since the Byrd Road Act of 1932 created Virginia's Secondary Roads System, which maintains the roads in most counties and town. An exception was made by the General Assembly when the former Nansemond County became an independent city and consolidated Suffolk in the 1970s. The state still maintained the primary and secondary routes in Suffolk until July 1, 2006.

[edit] Bridges, Bridge-Tunnel

The southern terminus of the four-laned Monitor-Merrimac Memorial Bridge-Tunnel, completed in 1992, is in Suffolk. There have been conflicts with VDOT and the city over ownership and responsibility for the circa 1928 Kings Highway Bridge across the Nansemond River on State Route 125, which was closed in 2005 by VDOT for safety reasons. ^[4]^[5] About 3,300 motorists a day used the bridge that connected Chuckatuck and Driver. Now, they face detours of as much as 19 miles. The cost of a new bridge for the King's Highway crossing is estimated at $48 million, far more than could be recovered through collection of tolls at that location. [4] In 2007, VDOT announced that it would contract for demolition and removal of the bridge. According to newspaper accounts, this will be the first time in VDOT's history of such action when no replacement facility was planned. [5]

Virginia is currently reviewing proposals under a public-private partnership for a major realignment and upgrade of U.S. 460 from Suffolk west to Interstate 295 near Petersburg. In 1995, the Virginia General Assembly passed the Public-Private Transportation Act allowing private entities to propose innovative solutions for designing, constructing, financing and operating transportation improvements. The new roadway would be funded through collection of tolls.

See also Transportation section of article Hampton Roads.

[edit] Economy

A RailBox boxcar exporting peanuts.

In modern times, Suffolk remains a major peanut processing center and railroad and highway transportation hub. It hosts a diverse combination of industrial, manufacturing, distribution, retail, and hospitality businesses, as well as active farming.

Planters Peanuts continues to be a major employer, now owned by Kraft Foods. Other large employers in the City of Suffolk include Unilever Lipton Tea, Wal-Mart, Target, QVC, and two major modeling and simulation companies, Lockheed Martin and Raytheon. Lockheed Martin bases it Center for Innovation in Suffolk. The Center for Innovation is called "The Lighthouse" because the campus is built around a lighthouse and actually envelops the lighthouse.

Suffolk is experiencing a boom in the economy.^{[citation needed]}

In 2002, the new Louise Obici Memorial Hospital was completed and dedicated. The hospital was acquired in 2005 by the Sentara Health System.

Each year in the fall, the City of Suffolk hosts Suffolk Festivals Incorporated's annual Peanut Fest; the 2007 Peanut Fest was the 30th since its inception.

[edit] Media

Suffolk's daily newspapers are the local Suffolk News Herald, the Virginian-Pilot from Norfolk and the Daily Press of Newport News. Other papers include the Port Folio Weekly, the New Journal and Guide, and the Hampton Roads Business Journal.^[6] Hampton Roads Magazine serves as a bi-monthly regional magazine for Suffolk and the Hampton Roads area.^[7]Suffolk is served by a variety of radio stations on the AM and FM dials, with towers located around the Hampton Roads area.^[8]

Suffolk is also served by several television stations. The Hampton Roads designated market area (DMA) is the 42nd largest in the U.S. with 712,790 homes (0.64% of the total U.S.).^[9] The major network television affiliates are WTKR-TV 3 (CBS), WAVY 10 (NBC), WVEC-TV 13 (ABC), WGNT 27 (CW), WTVZ 33 (MyNetworkTV), WVBT 43 (FOX), and WPXV 49 (ION Television). The Public Broadcasting Service station is WHRO-TV 15. Suffolk residents also can receive independent stations, such as WSKY broadcasting on channel 4 from the Outer Banks of North Carolina and WGBS broadcasting on channel 7 from Hampton. Suffolk is served by Charter Communications.[6]. DirecTV and Dish Network are also popular as an alternative to cable television in Suffolk.

[edit] Sister cities

Suffolk has one sister city:^[10]

Oderzo (Italy)

[edit] Notables

Amedeo Obici, founder of Planters Peanuts, and his wife Louise, made Suffolk their adopted home. The 1951 Louise Obici Memorial Hospital was a gift to the community in her memory, recently replaced by a new facility, and later acquired by the Sentara Health System and renamed to Sentara Obici Hospital.

Virginia Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. was from the Chuckatuck community of old Nansemond County.

Andre' Leon Talley, Deputy Editor of Vogue Magazine, is a Suffolk native.

Jazz guitarist Charlie Byrd hailed originally from Chuckatuck.

Rachel Shilsky, aka Ruth McBride Jordan, is the mother of twelve children and focus of the memoir The Color of Water.

Antwan Lewis, a television news journalist with Superstation WGN in Chicago was born in Suffolk and grew up in the "Old Norfolk Road" neighborhood. Lewis is actually a direct paternal descendant of infamous 19th century slave revolt leader, Nat Turner. Turner was from Southampton County, Virginia, which borders Suffolk. Coincidentally, Antwan Lewis is also distantly related to the above named, Ruth McBride Jordan. Lewis' maternal great-aunt, Rachel McNair, was a lifelong friend of Shilsky/Jordan and is godmother to Ruth's son, James McBride, author of The Color of Water.

[edit] April 2008 Suffolk Tornado

Aeriel view of tornado damage in Suffolk on April 28, 2008 (NWS Wakefield, Virginia)

After 4:00 PM EST on April 28, 2008, a tornado touched down multiple times causing damage and leaving over 200 injured in Suffolk along a path which passed north and west of the downtown area striking near Sentara Obici Hospital and in the unincorporated town of Driver. The storm seriously damaged over 120 homes and 12 businesses. The subdivisions of Burnette's Mill and Hillpoint Farms were damaged particularly hard, as well as several of the older historic structures in Driver. However, near Driver, large radio and television broadcast towers located in an antenna farm serving most of Hampton Roads were spared serious damage.

Governor Timothy Kaine declared a state of emergency and directed state agencies to assist the recovery and cleanup efforts.

Police officers and Firefighters from across Hampton Roads were sent to Suffolk to help in the quarantine and cleanup of the damaged areas.

On May 1, the property damages were currently estimated at $20 Million.

[edit] See also

List of famous people from Hampton Roads

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
^ Aaron Applegate, VDOT, city of Suffolk battle over closed Kings Highway Bridge, The Virginian-Pilot, May 1, 2006
^ John Warren, Flooding blamed on clogged ditches, The Virginian-Pilot, July 11, 2006
^ Hampton Roads News Links (HTML) (English). abyznewslinks.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-06.
^ Hampton Roads Magazine (HTML) (English). Hampton Roads Magazine. Retrieved on 2007-08-06.
^ Hampton Roads Radio Links (HTML) (English). ontheradio.net. Retrieved on 2007-08-06.
^ Holmes, Gary. "Nielsen Reports 1.1% increase in U.S. Television Households for the 2006-2007 Season." Nielsen Media Research. September 23, 2006. Retrieved on September 28, 2007.
^ Sister Cities designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI). Retrieved June 6, 2006.

[edit] External links

Suffolk, Virginia is at coordinates 36°44′29″N 76°36′36″W / 36.741347, -76.609881 (Suffolk, Virginia)Coordinates: 36°44′29″N 76°36′36″W / 36.741347, -76.609881 (Suffolk, Virginia)

v • d • e Hampton Roads

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News Metropolitan Area

Seven Cities	Chesapeake • Hampton • Newport News • Norfolk • Portsmouth • Suffolk • Virginia Beach	Image:Hampton roads flag.gif

Counties	Currituck • Gloucester • Isle of Wight • James City • Mathews • Southampton • Surry • York

Other cities and towns	Franklin • Poquoson • Williamsburg

sub-regions	Middle Peninsula • Northeast North Carolina • South Hampton Roads • Virginia Peninsula

Footnotes	Bold = independent city not part of any county Italics = Not included in the U.S. federal definition of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area