Web Analytics

See also ebooksgratis.com: no banners, no cookies, totally FREE.

CLASSICISTRANIERI HOME PAGE - YOUTUBE CHANNEL
Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms and Conditions
Spiderland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Spiderland

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Spiderland
Spiderland cover
Studio album by Slint
Released March 27, 1991
Recorded August 1990 – October 1990 at River North Records in Chicago, Illinois, United States
Genre Indie rock
Length 39:38
Label Touch and Go
Producer Brian Paulson
Professional reviews
Slint chronology
Tweez
(1989)		 Spiderland
(1991)		 Slint
(1994)
Back cover
The back cover of Spiderland, including an image of a spider taken by Noel Saltzman
The back cover of Spiderland, including an image of a spider taken by Noel Saltzman

Spiderland is the second studio album by the American indie rock band Slint, released on March 27, 1991 on Touch and Go. Featuring dramatically alternating dynamics and vocals ranging from spoken word to shouting, the album contains narrative lyrics that emphasize alienation. Spiderland was Slint's first release on Touch and Go, and the group's last record.

The recording of Spiderland in 1990 is often said to have been emotionally demanding for members of Slint. Although Spiderland was not widely recognized on its initial release, it eventually sold more than 50,000 copies and became a landmark album in underground music after Slint broke up. The album has been highly influential on the styles of many bands in the post-rock and math rock genres, including Mogwai and Godspeed You! Black Emperor, and has been named a favorite of several indie rock musicians. In 2007, Slint reunited for a tour consisting of performances of Spiderland in its entirety.

Contents

[edit] Context

Slint formed in 1987 in Louisville, Kentucky from the remnants of the punk rock band Squirrel Bait; the founding members included Brian McMahan (guitar, vocals), David Pajo (guitar), Britt Walford (drums), and Ethan Buckler (bass). The band's debut album, the Steve Albini-produced Tweez, was released on the group's self-owned label Jennifer Hartman Records and Tapes.[1] The album's sound has been described as a combination of "scratchy guitars, thumping bass lines, and hard hitting drums".[2] Buckler promptly left the band out of dissatisfaction with Albini's production, and was replaced with Todd Brashear.[3] The band's second recording was for the instrumental extended play Slint, which included a new version of "Rhoda" from Tweez. The EP, which would not be released until 1994, was a departure from Tweez's sound and reflected the band's new musical direction.[4]

After the band ended its brief tour in support of Tweez most of its members went to college.[3] Around this time McMahan and Walford began writing together for the band's next record, creating six new songs which the band practiced throughout the summer of 1990.[3] Slint entered River North Records in August 1990 to record Spiderland. At that time there were no vocals or lyrics prepared for the album, so the band wrote them while in the studio.[3] The album's producer, Brian Paulson, was known for his "live" recording style in the studio, with minimal takes.[5] Paulson recalled "It was weird while I was doing [Spiderland] because I remember sitting there, and I just knew there was something about it. I've never heard anything like this. I'm really digging this but it's really fucking weird."[5]

The recording sessions for Spiderland are reputed to have been difficult for the members of the band and were, according to All Music Guide, "intense, traumatic, and one more piece of evidence supporting the theory that band members had to be periodically institutionalized during the completion of the album."[6] Rumors circulated that at least one member of Slint had been checked into a psychiatric hospital.[7] Walford later addressed these stories in an article in Select by saying, "[We were] definitely trying to be serious about things, pretty intense, which made recording the album kinda stressful."[7] The recording was completed in four days.[5]

[edit] Music

Audio samples of 'Spiderland'
  • "Breadcrumb Trail"
    A sample of "Breadcrumb Trail", the opening track from Slint's 1991 album, Spiderland. This sample contains part of the song's verse, bridge, and chorus.
    "Good Morning Captain"
    A sample of "Good Morning Captain", the sixth track from Spiderland. This sample contains part of the song's second verse.
  • Problems playing the files? See media help.

The music of Spiderland is noted for its angular guitar rhythms, dramatically alternating dynamic shifts, and irregular time signatures. McMahan's singing style interchanges between mumbling spoken word and strained shouting. The lyrics of Spiderland are often written in a narrative style. Influences on the record included Sonic Youth, Gang of Four, and Black Sabbath.[8] Will Hermes of Spin summarized the album's sound as "mid-'70s King Crimson gone emo: screeching guitar chords and gorgeous note-spinning in odd-metered instrumentals speckled with words both spoken and sung".[9] Piero Scaruffi drew comparisons in Spiderland's sound to the genres of blues and acid rock, as well as the slowcore band Codeine.[10]

The album's opening track, "Breadcrumb Trail", describes a day spent at a carnival with a fortune-teller.[11] The song features a complex arrangement with sharp transitions, and the guitar fluctuates between a clean-sounding riff with harmonics in the verse to heavy distortion featuring extremely high-pitched notes in the chorus.[11] "Nosferatu Man", the second track, is inspired by the 1922 German Expressionist silent film Nosferatu.[12] The song's verse includes a dissonant guitar riff, which uses high-pitched notes similar to those in "Breadcrumb Trail", and a drumbeat based on snare and toms, absent of cymbals.[12] The chorus, featuring "jagged" distorted guitar and a thrash-influence beat, segues into an extended jam before the song ends with 30 seconds of feedback.[12]

"Don, Aman", which features no percussion or drums, contains the thoughts of an "isolated soul" before, after, and during a party at a bar.[13] Almost the entirety of the song's lyrics is spoken.[13] The guitar is strummed in a chord pattern which "if played at the correct tempo, would be melodious, but played with longer and irregular pauses, are only a sequence of chords".[10] The tempo quickens throughout, and then becomes loud and distorted before slowing back to the original tempo.[13] "Washer", the album's longest track, features a "barely audible" intro with guitar and cymbals before the rest of the band comes in.[14] The song builds tension until the final verse, which features loud distortion, and is followed by a lengthy outro.[14]

"For Dinner…" is an ambient instrumental track.[15] Beginning with a quiet section of "brooding chords throb[bing] with the occasional rumble of muted toms and bass drum", the song cycles through sections of building and releasing tension.[15] One guitar chord is repeatedly strummed for the last minute of the song before ending.[15] The final song of the album, "Good Morning Captain", is based on the Samuel Taylor Coleridge poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.[16] The song features a two chord guitar structure, a "spindly, tight riff" from the rhythm section and a "jerky" beat.[16] During the recording of the song's final chorus, McMahan became physically sick due to the strain of yelling over the guitars.[7] David Peschek of The Guardian compared "Good Morning Captain" to Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven", writing that "the extraordinary Good Morning Captain is [Slint's] Stairway to Heaven, if it's possible to imagine Stairway to Heaven bleached of all bombast."[8]

[edit] Imagery

Slint in a photo taken by Will Oldham from the same session as the Spiderland cover
Slint in a photo taken by Will Oldham from the same session as the Spiderland cover[17]

The name Spiderland originates from McMahan's younger brother, who thought that the record sounded "spidery".[7] The album's black-and-white cover photograph, which depicts members of the band treading water in the lake of an abandoned quarry, was taken by Will Oldham.[3] An article in The Stranger credited the cover for creating a mystique surrounding Slint, noting "[m]ost people only had seen Slint as four heads floating in a Kentucky quarry on Spiderland's cover. Listeners pondered the band's sparsely adorned black-and-white covers as if they were runes bearing secrets."[18] Chris Gaerig of the Michigan Daily wrote "the cover of Slint's masterful Spiderland captures the joyous fear and violence of the album so precisely it shakes souls. The group—submerged in a lake to their chins with deranged smiles—seems to be stalking you, hovering out of the black-and-white façade."[19] Several other promotional images have been taken from the same photo session with Oldham.[17]

A photo of a spider taken by Noel Saltzman is used on the back cover, reflecting the album's title. The inside sleeve contains the message "interested female vocalists write 1864 douglas blvd. louisville, ky. 40205".[20] McMahan confirmed that this message was serious, and said "We did get some responses and we did listen to CDs and tapes. We didn’t end up doing anything immediately, so that idea of adding someone sort of fell by the wayside."[21] The message "this recording is meant to be listened to on vinyl" is printed on some compact disc issues of Spiderland, demonstrating Slint's preference of analog audio devices.[22]

[edit] Reception

Spiderland received minimal attention from major publications upon its release. One of the first major reviews of the album was written by Steve Albini, producer of Slint's previous album Tweez, for Melody Maker. Albini was highly positive about the album, awarding it "ten fucking stars", saying "Spiderland is a majestic album, sublime and strange, made more brilliant by its simplicity and quiet grace. .... Spiderland is flawless. The dry, unembellished recording is so revealing it sometimes feels like eavesdropping. The crystalline guitar of Brian McMahan and the glassy, fluid guitar of David Pajo seem to hover in space directly past the listener's nose. The incredibly precise-yet-instinctive drumming has the same range and wallop it would in your living room. .... Play this record and kick yourself if you never got to see them live."[23]

Retrospective reviews of the album have been mixed. A review of the album from Dean Carlson of All Music Guide praised the album as "one of the most essential and chilling releases in the mumbling post-rock arena", despite describing it as "slightly overrated". Carlson also criticized McMahan's singing style, saying that he "too often evokes strangled pity instead of outright empathy."[6] Robert Christgau gave the album a rating of C+, calling Slint "art-rockers without the courage of their pretensions" and criticizing the album's lyrics.[24] The Rolling Stone book The New Rolling Stone Album Guide rated the album two and a half stars; while the reviewer Mac Randall favored the album over Tweez as an "easier listen, with longer, more developed songs", he wrote that "[t]he absence of anything resembling a tune continues to nag."[25]

[edit] Legacy

Slint performing Spiderland at the 2007 Pitchfork Music Festival
Slint performing Spiderland at the 2007 Pitchfork Music Festival

Though largely ignored upon its initial release, Spiderland has attracted greater attention through time. This growth in popularity has been attributed in part to the appearance of the track "Good Morning Captain" on the soundtrack to the 1995 film Kids.[26] The album has sold over 50,000 copies,[27] though Kory Grow of the College Music Journal suggested that the album "has inspired countless bands (and therefore fans) far beyond its SoundScan numbers"[28] Spiderland has become a landmark indie rock album and is considered, along with Talk Talk's Laughing Stock, to have been the primary catalyst of the post-rock and math rock genres.[29][30] David Peschek said that the album is "the ur-text for what became known as post-rock, a fractured, almost geometric reimagining of rock music stripped of its dionysiac impulse."[31] Rachel Devine of The List called Spiderland "arguably the most disproportionately influential [album] in music history".[32]

McMahan reflected on the album's success: "We worked really hard on Spiderland. I mean, I definitely felt much more personal about it. I thought it represented us as people, musically, a lot more than Tweez did. That's about it. It seemed like when we were around, and actively playing and stuff, that people's responses to us were fairly ambivalent. I thought it was funny when the press picked up on it. For an independent release, it had a strange sort of audience and kept selling three or four years after we recorded it; it still sells more copies than when it first came out."[33] Touch and Go founder Corey Rusk said that Spiderland is "like an icon now. But when it came out, nobody cared! The band had broken up by the time the album came out, and it really didn't sell particularly well or get written about all that much in the year it was released. But it was a revolutionary, groundbreaking record, and it's one of the few instances where people catch up to it later on."[34]

Post-rock bands Mogwai, Godspeed You Black Emperor!, Isis, and Explosions in the Sky have been influenced by Spiderland.[35] Dinosaur Jr and Sebadoh member Lou Barlow said of Spiderland, "It was quiet to loud without sounding like grunge or indie-rock. It sounded more like a new kind of music."[7] PJ Harvey has named Spiderland as one of her favorite albums,[36] and supposedly contacted Slint regarding the band's request for a female vocalist.[26] Bob Nastanovich of Pavement[37] and Mark Clifford of Seefeel[38] have also cited Spiderland as among their favorite albums. The album cover of Spiderland was recreated by The Shins in the music video for "New Slang".[39]

[edit] Reunion

An advertisement for Slint's performance of Spiderland at the 2007 Pitchfork Music Festival
An advertisement for Slint's performance of Spiderland at the 2007 Pitchfork Music Festival

Despite having plans for a tour of Europe to promote Spiderland, Slint broke up in 1991 for reasons that were not revealed.[3] Members of the band went on to join other musical projects, including Tortoise, The Breeders, Palace, and The For Carnation.[40] Slint reunited briefly in 2005 for an eighteen-date tour. Pajo said, "We don't want to be a reunion band that keeps reuniting. .... I know that this is going to be it."[41] However, in 2007 Slint reunited again for a tour featuring performances of Spiderland in its entirety as part of All Tomorrow's Parties' "Don't Look Back" concert series celebrating classic albums.[42] The tour included appearances at the 2007 Pitchfork Music Festival[43] and Primavera Sound Festival.[44] McMahan said in an interview at the Pitchfork Music Festival that performing the album live was "pretty cool. It moves a little slower than it does on the record, but it's all there. .... It took some getting used to, some revisiting the material and rehearsing."[45]

Critical responses to Slint's reunion has been mixed, with detractors commenting on the music's unsuitability for a live setting. Chicago Sun-Times music critic Jim DeRogatis wrote that although "fans greeted [Slint's performance at the Pitchfork Music Festival] as manna from heaven. .... the musicians' fragile, intertwining guitar lines, mumbled attempts at poetry and uninspiring shoe-gazer personas were poor matches for the setting and the occasion, especially during the static, percussion-deprived 'Don, Aman' and the bloated anthem 'Good Morning Captain.'"[46] According to members of The A.V. Club, Slint's performance of "Don, Aman" at the festival "captures the band's greatness and its greatest weakness: Slint completely lacks stage charisma, and playing a deathly quiet, moody song on a big outdoor stage just doesn't work."[47] Both Derogatis and the A.V. Club review also noted that the band's performance was plagued by sound problems.[48][47] A New York review of a performance at Webster Hall opined "the deeply brooding, fussily executed album finally sounded, sixteen years later, like the existential, cosmos-annihilating shrug it was envisioned as. Which is to say: It sounded fucking great."[49]

[edit] Track listing

  1. "Breadcrumb Trail" – 5:55
  2. "Nosferatu Man" – 5:35
  3. "Don, Aman" – 6:28
  4. "Washer" – 8:50
  5. "For Dinner…" – 5:05
  6. "Good Morning, Captain" – 7:38

[edit] Personnel

[edit] Accolades

The information regarding accolades attributed to Spiderland is adapted from AcclaimedMusic.net.[50]

Publication Country Accolade Year Rank
Alternative Press United States The 90 Greatest Albums of the 90s[51] 1998 #34
Nude as the News U.S. The 100 Most Compelling Albums of the 90s[52] 1999 #23
Pitchfork Media U.S. Top 100 Albums of the 1990s[53] 1999 #34
Melody Maker United Kingdom All Time Top 100 Albums[54] 2000 #55
NME UK 100 Best Albums[55] 2003 #53
Pitchfork Media U.S. Top 100 Albums of the 1990s: Redux[56] 2003 #12
Spin U.S. 100 Greatest Albums, 1985-2005[9] 2005 #94

[edit] References

  1. ^ "Slint". Touch and Go Records. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  2. ^ Jackson, Chris. "Slint - Tweez Review". Sputnikmusic, April 16, 2004. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  3. ^ a b c d e f McCarthy, Shannon. "Slint Lyrics and Biography" Musicianguide.com. Retrieved on November 8, 2007.
  4. ^ "slint > biography". Southern Records. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  5. ^ a b c Parker, Chris. "Brian Paulson: Studio aesthetics". Independent Weekly, February 9, 2005. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  6. ^ a b Carlson, Dean. "Spiderland > Review". He gave the album 4½ out of 5All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 3, 2007.
  7. ^ a b c d e Irvin, Jim (2001). The Mojo Collection: The Greatest Albums of All Time. (Edinburgh) Mojo Books. ISBN 184195067X. p. 640
  8. ^ a b Peschek, David. "Slint, Camber Sands Holiday Centre". The Guardian, February 28, 2007. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
  9. ^ a b Hermes, Will. "Slint - Spiderland". Spin. July 2005.
  10. ^ a b Scaruffi, Piero. "The History of Rock Music. Slint: biography, discography, reviews, links". Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  11. ^ a b Maginnis, Tom. "Breadcrumb Trail: Review". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  12. ^ a b c Maginnis, Tom. "Nosferatu Man: Review". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  13. ^ a b c Maginnis, Tom. "Don, Aman: Review". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  14. ^ a b Maginnis, Tom. "Washer: Review". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  15. ^ a b c Maginnis, Tom. "For Dinner…: Review". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  16. ^ a b Maginnis, Tom. "Good Morning Captain: Review". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  17. ^ Segal, Dave. "Web of Influence". The Stranger, March 10, 2005. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  18. ^ Gaerig, Chris. "Cover Stories". Michigan Daily, September 20, 2007. Retrieved on November 8, 2007.
  19. ^ (1991) Album notes for Spiderland by Slint, [CD booklet]. Chicago: Tough & Go (TG64CD).
  20. ^ Simigis, Antonia. "On the record: Slint". Time Out Chicago, July 12, 2007. Retrieved on November 8, 2007.
  21. ^ Agarwal, Manish. "Slint - Review". Don't Look Back, May 2007. Retrieved on November 9, 2007.
  22. ^ Albini, Steve. "Spiderland review". Melody Maker, March 30, 1991.
  23. ^ Christgau, Robert. "Slint". Village Voice. Retrieved on November 3, 2007.
  24. ^ Bracket, Nathan and Hoard, Christian (2004). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide: Completely Revised and Updated 4th Edition. (New York) Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0743201698. p. 744–745
  25. ^ a b Chen, George. "Spidey powers". San Francisco Bay Guardian. Retrieved on November 8, 2007.
  26. ^ Frere-Jones, Sasha. "You Thought I Was Backing Out". sfj.abstractdynamics.org, July 25, 2005. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  27. ^ Grow, Kory. "Review: Slint Performs Spiderland in New York". College Music Journal, July 19, 2007. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  28. ^ "Post-Rock/Experimental". All Music Guide. Retrieved on December 14, 2007.
  29. ^ Keefe, Michael. "What is Post-Rock? A Genre Profile". About.com. Retrieved on December 20, 2007.
  30. ^ Peschek, David. "Slint, Camber Sands Holiday Centre". The Guardian, February 28, 2007. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
  31. ^ Devine, Rachel. "90s revival". The List, August 16, 2007. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  32. ^ Modell, Josh. "The For Carnation". Milk, April 1996. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  33. ^ Crock, Jason. "Interview: Corey Rusk". Pitchfork Media, September 5, 2006. Retrieved on November 12, 2007
  34. ^ Goldberg, Michael Alan. "The Last Time We Reunite (Except for That Next Time)". SF Weekly, July 18, 2007. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  35. ^ Blandford, James R. (2004). PJ Harvey: Siren Rising. (London) Omnibus Press. ISBN 1844494330. p. 37
  36. ^ Jovanovic, Rob (2004). Perfect Sound Forever: The Story of Pavement. (Boston) Justin, Charles & Co. ISBN 1932112073. p. 129
  37. ^ "Favorite Music of our Interview Victims". Perfect Sound Forever. Retrieved on November 9, 2007.
  38. ^ Mercer, Ben. "The Shins". Dallas Observer, July 11, 2002. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  39. ^ Ankeny, Jason. "Slint > Biography". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  40. ^ Harrington, Richard. "'Post-rock' Slint briefly reunites". The Washington Post, March 18, 2005. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  41. ^ "Slint announce more performances of 'Spiderland'". NME, March 23, 2007. Retrieved on November 4, 2007.
  42. ^ Solarski, Matthew. "GZA, Slint Join Sonic Youth for Pitchfork Fest Kickoff". Pitchfork Media, April 20, 2007. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  43. ^ Solarski, Matthew. "Slint Rock Spiderland at Primavera Sound Festival". Pitchfork Media, January 16, 2007. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  44. ^ Thompson, Paul. "Interview: Brian McMahan of Slint". Pitchfork Media, July 13, 2007. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
  45. ^ DeRogatis, Jim. "Pitchfork Music Fest Diary and Features". Chicago Sun-Times, July 15, 2007. Retrieved on December 7, 2007.
  46. ^ a b Gordon, Scott; Modell, Josh; O'Neal, Sean; Ryan, Kyle. "Festival Diary: The 2007 Pitchfork Music Festival". The A.V. Club, July 18, 2007. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  47. ^ DeRogatis, Jim. "Indie Oasis". Chicago Sun-Times, July 16, 2007. Retrieved on December 7, 2007.
  48. ^ Catucci, Nick. "Slint Plays a Funeral Mass for the Album". New York, July 18, 2007. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.
  49. ^ "Spiderland". AcclaimedMusic.net. Retrieved on November 3, 2007.
  50. ^ "The 90 Greatest Albums of the '90s". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved on May 10, 2008.
  51. ^ Scaruffi, Piero. "23. Slint - Spiderland". Nude as the News. Retrieved on November 8, 2007.
  52. ^ "Top Albums of the 90s". Internet Archive. Retrieved on November 3, 2007.
  53. ^ "Melody Maker All Time Top 100 Albums - 2000". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved on November 11, 2007.
  54. ^ "NME’s 100 Best Albums". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved on November 3, 2007.
  55. ^ Petrusich, Amanda. "Top 100 Albums of the 1990s: Spiderland". Pitchfork Media, November 17, 2003. Retrieved on November 3, 2007.

[edit] External links


v â€¢ d â€¢ e
Slint
Brian McMahan • David Pajo • Britt Walford • Ethan Buckler (former) • Todd Brashear (former)
Studio albums
Tweez • Spiderland
EPs
Associated acts
The Breeders • Evergreen • The For Carnation • King Kong • Will Oldham • Squirrel Bait • Tortoise • Zwan

Static Wikipedia (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2007 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2006 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu

Static Wikipedia February 2008 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu