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Atyrau Province (Kazakh: Атырау облысы) is a province of Kazakhstan. It is situated in the west of the country around the northeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Atyrau, with a population of 142,500 people; the province itself has 380,000 people. With an area of 118,600 square kilometers, it is the second-smallest province in Kazakhstan (South Kazakhstan Province is the smallest). It borders the neighboring country Russia, as well as fellow Kazakh provinces Aktobe Province, Mangystau Province, and West Kazakhstan Province. A large part of the province is situated in the oil-rich Caspian Depression; because of this, many oil wells have been drilled in the Tengiz Field area, and a pipeline runs from Atyrau (the city) to Grozny, Russia, where it intersects with a Russian pipeline going to Europe.
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- National Geographic Atlas of the World, Eighth Edition.