African Australian
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| African Australian |
|---|
| Total population |
|
248,605 (by country of birth, 2006) [1] |
| Regions with significant populations |
| All capital cities predominately Melbourne, Sydney and Perth |
| Languages |
| English, Afrikaans, Arabic, Dinka, Swahili |
| Religions |
| Predominantly Christianity, Islam |
| Related ethnic groups |
| White South African, African American, Black British, Black Canadian, African Caribbean, African European. |
Immigration from Africa to Australia is only a recent phenomenon, with Europe and Asia traditionally being the largest sources of migration to Australia. In 2005-06 permanent settler arrivals to Australia included 4,000 South Africans and 3,800 Sudanese, constituting the sixth and seventh largest sources of migrants respectively[2].
There is no clear definition of what constitutes being an "African Australian" (or "Afro-Australian"). The Australian Bureau of Statistics records people according to their birthplace and their self-described ancestry, although aggregated data for Africa is split between "Sub-Saharan" and "North Africa and the Middle East"[3]
Historical archives suggest that convicts transported to Australia included Afro-Caribbeans[4]. However immigration from Africa to Australia remained limited until the 1990s.
Most Africans in Australia come from South Africa and are largely of Afrikaner and British descent. Other South Africans emigrate courtesy of skilled migration programs. Opportunities in Australia, as well as push factors such as rising crime, unemployment and complications arising from the Black Economic Empowerment policies in their home country, have prompted many South Africans to migrate. Earlier Australia had taken in Zimbabwe migrants who left under following the end of white minority rule[5]
Recent conflicts in various parts of Africa, particularly around the Horn of Africa, have prompted people to migrate through humanitarian programs.
Australia also has taken in refugees who left due to conflicts that emerged in the 1990s, such as in Sierra Leone, Burundi, Liberia, Congo and Rwanda.
[edit] Demographics
At the 2006 Census 248,605 residents declared that they were born in Africa[6]
%
| Country | Population | Main city |
|---|---|---|
| South Africa | 104,128 | Sydney (27.3%) |
| Egypt | 33,497 | Sydney (48.5%) |
| Zimbabwe | 20,157 | Perth (24.7%) |
| Sudan | 19,049 | Melbourne (31.0%) |
| Mauritius | 18,175 | Melbourne (48.6%) |
| Kenya | 9,940 | Perth (26.9%) |
| Ethiopia | 5,633 | Melbourne (53.9%) |
| Somalia | 4,316 | Melbourne (60.1%) |
| Zambia | 4,082 | Perth (30.7%) |
| Ghana | 2,771 | Sydney (51.0%) |
While most Africans reside in the largest cities, there are pockets of refugee Africans who have been resettled in country areas, such as Shepparton andTamworth. In Sydney South Africans have taken to living in Bondi and St Ives[citation needed].
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ 20680-Country of Birth of Person (full classification list) by Sex - Australia (2006)
- ^ Australian Year Book 2008
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics 1269.0 - Standard Australian Classification of Countries (SACC), 1998 (Revision 2.03)
- ^ http://www.api-network.com/cgi-bin/ach/ach.cgi?issue=21 To The Islands: Australian and the Caribbean Russell McDougall (ed.)]
- ^ Cubes&6A3757E70A332F03CA25741700117EA1&0&2006-07&26.03.2008&Latest ABS 3412.0 Permanent arrivals, Country of birth, 1975-76 to 2006-07
- ^ 20680-Country of Birth of Person (full classification list) by Sex - Australia (2006)
