Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone

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Coordinates: 43°31′59″N 3°51′42″E / 43.53306, 3.86167

Administration
Commune of Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone City hall
Location

Country	France
Region	Languedoc-Roussillon
Department	Hérault
Arrondissement	Montpellier
Canton	Frontignan
Intercommunality	Communauté d'agglomération Montpellier Agglomération
Mayor	Gérard Bouisson (2001-2008)
Statistics
Elevation	0 m–130 m (avg. 8 m)
Land area^¹	35.12 km²
Population^² (1999)	7,351
Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code	34337/ 34750
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
² Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) only counted once.

Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone is a village and commune of the Hérault département, in southern France.

1 History
2 Economy
3 Landmarks
4 External links

[edit] History

Maguelonne (or Maguelon) was one of the "seven cities" that may have been the origin of the name for the region called Septimania. Septimania was the western region of the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis, which passed under the control of the Visigothic kingdom in 462, when Septimania was ceded to Theodoric II, king of the Visigoths. The seven cities were today's Elne, Agde, Narbonne, Lodève, Béziers, Nîmes and Maguelone.

At first the stronghold of a Visigothic noble, on high ground protected by coastal lagoons, Maguelonne became the seat of a bishop. When the early history of Maguelone was compiled in 1583 by Abbé Gariel (Histoire des évêques de Maguelonne) he provided the see with an apostolic origin, as is de rigueur for any long-established bishopric of Late Antiquity throughout the three Gauls. The first historical bishop of Maguelonne assisted at the Council of Narbonne in 589; doubtless the Christian community was far older. In the 8th century the Almohad walis conquered the area, which was finally retaken by Charles Martel in 737, but the contests, which took decades, all but depopulated the region. The diocese was removed to Substantion, but Bishop Arnaud (1030-1060) returned it, rebuilt the destroyed sanctuary and constructed a bridge to link Maguelone to the "new district" of Villeneuve. The powerful and compact Romanesque cathedral of Saint-Pierre de Maguelone was constructed.

The local count retained the traditional Carolingian right of nomination of bishops: in 1085 Pierre, count of Substantion and Melgueil, offered himself as vassal of the Holy See and relinquished the right of nomination, and Innocent III transferred the feudal rights of the county to the bishop of Maguelonne in 1215, which gave the bishops the right to issue coinage [1]. The bishop, as well as the King of Aragon and the Count of Toulouse, authorized the coinage of Arabic money, not intended for circulation in Maguelonne, but to be sold for exportation to the merchants of the Mediterranean [2].

With the expansion of trade in the revival of the High Middle Ages, Montpellier came to be the city for this region, first passing to the Crown of Aragon in 1204, then to that of France (1292 and 1349). In 1536 the see was finally transferred there [3].

A sentimental and chivalric romance of the high-born Miguelonne and Pierre, the son of the King of Provence, who recognized each other in their old age after many heartbreaking separations, inspired a verse: Epistle by Clément Marot.

For the history of the bishopric of Maguelonne, see Bishopric of Montpellier as the episcopal see was transferred there in 1536

[edit] Economy

[edit] Landmarks

In the city:
- Medieval church.

Around the city:
- Mountain of the Madeleine: scrubland, army ground, ruin of the Saint-Baudille vault at the top (185 m), and stele commemorating the French Resistance fighters shot during the Second World War.
- Réserve naturelle de l'Estagnol, a marsh between scrubland and vine.

In the outskirts:
- Romanesque cathedral.
Public beach: The sand dunes extends on a dozen from kilometers from Palavas-les-Flots to Frontignan-Plage, and is accessible conveys some by roads only. It is because of this insulation that nudism is not object of debate.
Ponds: fish, observation of the birds.
Canal du Rhône with Sète: maintained, it allows river tourism between the Rhône, the étang de Thau and the Canal du Midi.