Saint Thomas Church (Strasbourg)

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For other churches with the same or similar name, please see St. Thomas' Church.

Church front with steeple

Nave

Main organ, by Johann Andreas Silbermann, 1741

Choir organ built to the plans of Albert Schweitzer, 1905

The Saint-Thomas Church (French: Église Saint-Thomas, German: Thomaskirche) is the main Protestant church of Strasbourg since Strasbourg's Cathedral became Catholic again after the annexation of the town by France in 1681. It is nicknamed the "Protestant Cathedral" (la cathédrale du Protestantisme alsacien, Kathedrale der Protestanten) or the Old Lady (Die alte Dame) ^[1], and the only example of a hall church in the Alsace region.

1 History
2 Architecture
3 Features
4 References
5 External links

[edit] History

The site on which the current church stands was used as a place of worship under the patronage of Thomas the Apostle as early as the sixth century. In the ninth century, Bishop Adeloch established a magnificent church with adjoining school, however both burned down in 1007, and again in 1144. In 1196, construction began on the façade of a new, fortress-like building with an imposing steeple, built in the Roman style. Interrupted several times, the building work was completed in 1521, in the style of the late Gothic.

In 1524, the church was assigned to the Lutheran faith (Martin Bucer served there as a Pastor ^[2]), a status which it maintained despite annexation of Alsace to the Catholic France. It still administers the primary and secondary schools École Saint-Thomas and Foyer Jean Sturm, as well as the Séminaire Protestant, a seminary located in the adjacent Baroque building.^[3]

The Saint Thomas church played a crucial part in the liturgical revival as the place where, from 1888, Friedrich Spitta tested new forms of church service, and where the Akademische Kirchenchor (English: Academic Chorus) was brought into being. Julius Smend came to preach regularly from 1893, and between 1894 and 1899, the Gesangbuch für Elsaß-Lothringen (English: Hymn Book for Alsace-Lorraine) was developed there.

On May 7, 2006, the church was the place of the official celebration for the creation of the Union des églises protestantes d'Alsace et de Lorraine (Union of the Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine), or UEPAL.

[edit] Architecture

The Saint Thomas church is a five-naved hall church, the oldest of south-west Germany. Inside it is approximately 65 metres long and 30 metres wide, with a height of 22m (30m under the late-Gothic cupola). There is a gallery on the left outer aisle, and chapels to the left and right of the apse.

[edit] Features

[edit] Organs

The church is internationally renowned for its historic and musically-significant organs: the 1741 Silbermann organ, played by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1778 and faithfully restored in 1979 by Alfred Kern; the French organist Louis Thiry recorded the Art of fugue by Johann Sebastian Bach on this organ. Another organ is the 1905 organ (installed in 1906) built by Fritz Haerpfer, following a design by Albert Schweitzer.

[edit] Tombs

Monuments at Saint Thomas church date from between 1130 and 1850. Most famous are the richly-decorated sarcophagus of Bishop Adeloch (1130)^[4] and the huge, late-Baroque mausoleum of Marshall Hermann Moritz von Sachsen (1777), created by Jean-Baptiste Pigalle^[5]. Among the many other remarkable monuments, the Renaissance tombstone of Nikolaus Roeder von Tiersberg (1510) is notable for its realistic depiction of his decaying corpse^[6]. Roeder had been the donor of the life-size Mount of Olives group of sculptures (1498) now to be seen inside Strasbourg Cathedral. Neoclassical sculptor Landolin Ohmacht is represented by two works, one of them dedicated to Jean-Frédéric Oberlin.

[edit] Frescos

A late-Gothic representation of Saint Michael is, after the Saint Christopher in Wissembourg, the largest of its kind in France.

[edit] Stained-glass windows

Of the medieval leaded windows, only the rose at the front of the church remains intact^[7]. In the nave, the upper parts of the windows are lavishly decorated with architectural and botanical motifs. The representations of saints that were originally found below were destroyed in the 16th century by Protestant iconoclasts. The choir windows are of a contemporary style.