Nikolai Rakov
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Nikolai Petrovich Rakov (Russian: Николай Петрович Раков, Nikolaj Petrovič Rakov) (March 14 [O.S. March 1] 1908, Kaluga - November 3, 1990, Moscow) was a Russian composer.
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[edit] Life
Rakov firstly studied violin at the Rubinstein Music School and later composition at the Moscow Conservatory with Reinhold Glière and Sergei Vasilenko. After graduating in 1931, he served as Glière's assistant at the Conservatory in the following year, before becoming a lecturer himself in 1935 and professor of orchestration in 1943. Rakov's pupils included Edison Denisov, Boris Tchaikovsky, Nikolai Peiko, Andrei Eshpai, and Alfred Schnittke. In addition, he also gave concerts, as a violinist and as a conductor, and wrote several books on problems in orchestration. He received the Stalin Prize in 1946 for his Violin Concerto No. 1 in E minor (1944) and was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1975.
[edit] Style
Rakov was a staunchly conservative composer who exercised a solid grasp of orchestration and melody; many of his works ventured only a little beyond the style of Alexander Glazunov and Reinhold Glière. Unabashed tonality, late Romantic harmonies, and flowing tunes were the hallmarks of his work, in which the Russian national idiom always took prominence. In his later works, Rakov began to show some interest in Neoclassicism. Rakov devoted special attention to music for children and wrote numerous piano pieces for pedagogical purposes, as well as instructive chamber music. These works won him great popularity in the Soviet Union. His most famous work, however, was his First Violin Concerto, which was brought to vast audiences by the violinist David Oistrakh.
[edit] Works
[edit] Orchestral
- Symphony No. 1 in D (1940, rev. 1958)
- Symphony No. 2 in F "Youth Symphony" (1957)
- Symphony No. 3 in C "Little Symphony" for string orchestra (1962)
- Symphony No. 4 (1973)
- Sinfonietta in G minor for string orchestra (1958)
- Mari Suite (1931)
- Russian Overture (1947)
- Concert Suite (1949)
- 4 concertos for piano and string orchestra (1969, 1969, 1973, 1977)
- Violin Concerto No. 1 in E minor (1944)
- Violin Concerto No. 2 in A minor (1954-63)
- Concertino in D minor for violin and string orchestra (1960)
- Concert Fantasy in G minor for clarinet and orchestra (1968)
[edit] Chamber
- 2 Violin sonatas (1951, 1974)
- Sonatina for violin and piano (1959)
- Nine Pieces for cello and piano (1959)
- 2 Quartets for 4 cellos (1984, 1986)
- 2 Oboe Sonatas (1951, 1978)
- 2 Clarinet Sonatas (1956, 1975)
- Sonatina for clarinet and piano (1963)
- 3 Sonatinas for harp and piano (1965, 1970, 1971)
- Lieder and Romances
[edit] Piano solo
- 4 Sonatas (No. 1, 1959; No. 2, 1973)
- Sonatinas (No. 1 in E minor, 1954; No. 4 in C minor; No. 16 in C, 1980)
- Variations in B minor (1949)
- Five Préludes (1936)
- Nine Pieces "Watercolors" (1945)
- Twenty-four Children's Pieces in All Keys (1961)
- 20 Concert Études (1929-74)
- many smaller pieces
