Nicolaus II Bernoulli

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Nicolaus II Bernoulli, a.k.a. Niklaus Bernoulli, Nikolaus Bernoulli, (February 6, 1695, Basel, Switzerland – July 31, 1726, St. Petersburg, Russia) was a Swiss mathematician, as were his father Johann and one of his brothers, Daniel. With the latter, he discussed the St. Petersburg paradox.

Nicolaus worked mostly on curves, differential equations, and probability. He was a contemporary of Leonhard Euler. He also contributed to fluid dynamics.

He was the son of Johann Bernoulli and the older brother of Daniel Bernoulli, to whom he also taught mathematics. Even in his youth he had learned several languages. From the age of 13, he studied mathematics and law at the University of Basel. In 1711 he received his Master's of Philosophy; in 1715 he received a Doctorate in Law. In 1716-17 he was a private tutor in Venice. From 1719 he had the Chair in Mathematics at the University of Padua, as the successor of Giovanni Poleni. He served as an assistant to his father, among other areas, in the correspondence over the priority dispute between Isaac Newton and Leibniz, and also in the priority dispute between his father and the English mathematician Brook Taylor. In 1720 he posed the problem of reciprocal orthogonal trajectories, which was intended as a challenge for the English Newtonians. From 1723 he was a law professor at the Berner Oberen Schule. In 1725 he together with his brother Daniel, with whom he was touring Italy and France at this time, was invited by Peter the Great to the newly founded St. Petersburg Academy. There he discussed with his brother Daniel the Saint Petersburg Paradox in the theory of probability, about which his brother later wrote several works. Eight months after his appointment he came down with a fever and died. His professorship was succeeded in 1727 by Leonhard Euler, whom the Bernoulli brothers had recommended.

He was the cousin of Nicolaus I Bernoulli, who worked in similar areas.

[edit] See also

• Bernoulli distribution
• Bernoulli process
• Bernoulli trial

[edit] External links

• O'Connor, John J. & Robertson, Edmund F., “Nicolaus II Bernoulli”, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive 
• Weisstein, Eric W., Bernoulli, Nicholas (1695-1726) at ScienceWorld.

[edit] Further reading

• Fleckenstein, J.O. (1970-80). "Bernoulli, Nickolaus II". Dictionary of Scientific Biography 2. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 57-58. ISBN 0684101149. 

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v • d • e Bernoulli family tree                   Nicolaus Bernoulli (1623-1708)                                                                         Jakob Bernoulli (1654–1705)   Nicolaus Bernoulli (1662–1716)           Johann Bernoulli (1667–1748)                                                                           Nicolaus I Bernoulli (1687-1759)   Nicolaus II Bernoulli (1695–1726)   Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782)   Johann II Bernoulli (1710–1790)                                                                                       Johann III Bernoulli (1744–1807)   Daniel II Bernoulli (1751–1834)   Jakob II Bernoulli (1759–1789) Family tree of the Bernoulli family