Metal Gear Solid

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Metal Gear Solid
North American Release cover art.
Developer(s)	Konami Computer Entertainment Japan (West) Digital Dialect (PC port)
Publisher(s)	Konami (PlayStation) Microsoft (Microsoft Windows)
Designer(s)	Hideo Kojima
Series	Metal Gear
Platform(s)	PlayStation, Microsoft Windows
Release date	PlayStation: JP September 3, 1998[1] NA October 21, 1998[2] PAL February 26, 1999 Integral: JP June 24, 1999[3] NA September 23, 1999 PAL October 29, 1999 Microsoft Windows: NA September 24, 2000 PAL October 20, 2000
Genre(s)	Stealth action
Mode(s)	Single-player
Rating(s)	ESRB: Mature (M) CERO: 15+ ELSPA: 15+ OFLC: M15+
Media	1 or 2 CD-ROMs
System requirements	Pentium II 233 MHz CPU, 32 MB RAM, 4 MB video card, DirectX v. 7.0A[4]
Input methods	Controller, keyboard

Metal Gear Solid (メタルギアソリッド, Metaru Gia Soriddo^?, commonly abbreviated as MGS) is a stealth action video and computer game directed by Hideo Kojima.^[5] The game was developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Japan and first published by Konami in 1998 for the PlayStation video game console. It is the third canonical title released in the Metal Gear series, and a direct sequel to Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake. It was well-received publicly and critically, shipping more than six million copies,^[6] and scoring an average of 94 out of 100 in the review tallying website Metacritic's aggregate.^[7]

The story of Metal Gear Solid centers on Solid Snake, a retired soldier who infiltrates a nuclear weapons disposal facility to neutralize the terrorist threat from FOXHOUND, a renegade special forces unit.^[8] He attempts to liberate their two hostages, the head of DARPA and the president of a major arms manufacturer, and stops the terrorists from launching a nuclear strike.^[9] Snake also confronts and defeats members of FOXHOUND.^[10]

The commercial success of the title prompted the release of an expanded version for the PlayStation and Windows PC, titled Metal Gear Solid: Integral;^[11] a remake, Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes was later released for the Nintendo GameCube.^[12][13] The game has also spawned sequels, prequels and spin-offs.

Contents 1 Gameplay 2 Story 2.1 Characters 2.2 Plot 3 Cast 4 Development 5 Release history 5.1 Original version 5.2 Integral 5.3 The Twin Snakes 5.4 Other re-releases 6 Music 7 Reception 8 In other media 8.1 Radio drama 8.2 Comic 8.3 Novelization 9 References 10 External links

[edit] Gameplay

Despite a transition to 3-D, Metal Gear Solid's gameplay remains similar to its 2-D MSX2 predecessor Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake. The player must navigate the protagonist Solid Snake through the game's areas without being detected by enemies.^[14] Detection is triggered by the player moving into an enemies field of vision and sets off an alarm that draws armed enemies to his location.^[15] This also triggers "alert mode" and the player must then hide and remain undetected by the enemy, at which point “evasion mode” begins and once the counter reaches zero the game returns to "Infiltration mode" where enemies are not suspicious of Snake’s presence. The radar can not be used in alert or evasion mode.^[16]

To remain undetected, the player can perform techniques which make use of Solid Snake's abilities and the environment, such as crawling under objects, using boxes as cover, ducking or hiding around walls, and making noise to distract the enemy. These are carried out using the third-person camera; which slowly changes its angle to give the player the best strategic view of the area possible, and an on-screen radar, which displays enemy personnel and their field of vision.^[17] Snake is equiped with many items and gadgets, such as thermal goggles and a cardboard box disguise.^[18] The emphasis on stealth promotes a less violent form of gameplay and firefights against large groups of enemies will often result in heavy damage and for the player.^[19]

Intermixed with the player's progress are plot-progressing cut scenes and radio conversations as well as encounters with boss characters. To progress, players must discover weaknesses of these enemies (such as attack patterns) to defeat them. This is where the player will most often use the game's weapon-set, ranging from pistols to rocket launchers and hand grenades.^[17] Game controls and play strategies can also be accessed via the Codec radio, where advice is delivered from Snake's support crew as if the character were playing the video game; for example, the support team may chastise Snake for not saving his progress often enough, or explain his combat moves in terms of which buttons to press on the gamepad. Completion of the title provides the player with a statistical summary of their performance, and a "code name" based upon it, typically the common name of an animal.

In a first for the Metal Gear series, a training mode is available in which players can practice hiding techniques, weapons use, and sneaking.^[16] In addition to the stealth gameplay, there are set-piece sequences that entail firefights between the player and the enemy from the third-person and first-person perspectives.^[16]

[edit] Story

[edit] Characters

Main article: List of Metal Gear Solid characters

Metal Gear Solid's protagonist is Solid Snake, a legendary infiltrator and saboteur. is physique was based on Jean Claude Van Damme, while his facial appearance was originally based on Christopher Walken.^[20][21] During the mission, Snake receives support and advice via radio. Colonel Roy Campbell, Solid Snake's former commanding officer, supports with mission advice and battle tactics. While he initially keeps a number of secrets from Snake, he gradually reveals them.^[22] He is joined by Naomi Hunter, who gives medical advice; Nastasha Romanenko, who provides item and weapon tips; Master Miller, a former drill instructor and survival coach; and Mei Ling, who saves the player's progress onto a memory card.^[23]

The main antagonist of the game is Liquid Snake, leader of (the now terrorist organization) FOX-HOUND, and genetic counterpart to Solid Snake.^[16] An elite special forces unit, FOX-HOUND contains experts specializing in unique tasks. Members are Revolver Ocelot, a Western-style gunslinger and expert interrogator whose weapon of choice is the Colt Single Action Army; Sniper Wolf, a preternatural sniper; Vulcan Raven, a hulking Alaskan shaman armed with an M61 Vulcan torn from a downed F-16; Psycho Mantis, a psychic profiler and psychokinesis expert; and Decoy Octopus, a master of disguise.^[16]

Other characters include Meryl Silverburgh, Roy Campbell's niece and a rookie soldier stationed in Shadow Moses who did not join the revolt; Dr. Hal "Otacon" Emmerich, the lead developer of Metal Gear REX; and the Cyborg Ninja, a mysterious cybernetically-enhanced agent who is neither an ally nor an enemy of Snake but does oppose FOXHOUND.^[16]

[edit] Plot

In 2005,^[24] FOXHOUND and a genetically enhanced Next-Generation Special Forces unit, lead an armed uprising on a remote isle in Alaska's Fox Islands called Shadow Moses. It is the site of a nuclear weapons disposal facility.^[19] They have acquired the nuclear-capable walking tank Metal Gear REX, and have threatened the U.S. government with a nuclear reprisal if they do not receive the remains of the "legendary mercenary" Big Boss within 24 hours.^[25]

As the game begins, Solid Snake, is dispatched at the request of Colonel Roy Campbell to penetrate the terrorist defenses and neutralize the threat.^[26] Snake is also ordered to locate hostages Donald Anderson, the DARPA chief and ArmsTech president Kenneth Baker. After finding the DARPA chief, he informs Snake of the new Metal Gear REX unit housed at the facility, but then suddenly dies of what appears to be a heart attack.^[27] Snake then finds the other hostage, Kenneth Baker. Revolver Ocelot challenges Snake to a gunfight, which is interrupted by a mysterious cyborg ninja. Baker briefs Snake on the Metal Gear project and, like the DARPA Chief; he suddenly dies of a heart attack.

Snake then contacts Meryl via Codec, and agrees to meet her in the base's warhead disposal area on the condition that he contacts Metal Gear's designer, Hal "Otacon" Emmerich. Snake locates Otacon in his lab. The ninja reappears, and Snake realizes that it is actually his former ally Gray Fox, who he believed to have killed years earlier. Otacon agrees to aid Snake remotely, using special camouflage to procure information and supplies while he remains invisible. Snake meets with Meryl and agrees for her to accompany him on his mission. Meryl gives Snake a PAL key and they head for the underground base. Part way through the base, Sniper Wolf ambushes them, wounds Meryl, and captures Snake.

While imprisoned, Liquid confirms Snake's suspicion that they are twin brothers.^[28] Snake is tortured by Ocelot^[29] and the player can choose to give in to this torture, or not. Eventually Snake is able to escape.

Snake descends into the bowels of the Shadow Moses facility. He discovers that the DARPA Chief who Snake encountered was actually FOXHOUND member Decoy Octopus in disguise.^[30] Shortly after, Master Miller calls and reveals that Dr. Naomi Hunter, a support agent, has given Snake the genetically engineered virus "FoxDie" during his mission preparations, and is sending coded messages into the facility. Campbell swiftly orders her arrest. The virus, designed to kill people with particular genetic markers via cardiac arrest,^[31][32] was responsible for the deaths of Octopus and the ArmsTech president.^[33] Naomi contacts Snake and confesses that she joined the mission to sabotage it. But upon learning of Snake's own past, she no longer had the heart to kill him directly having reprogrammed the virus.^[34]

Infiltrating Metal Gear's hangar, Snake overhears Liquid and Ocelot preparing the launch sequence for Metal Gear REX. Thinking he is deactivating it, using the PAL key, Snake activates Metal Gear REX.^[35] Master Miller then reveals himself to be Liquid in disguise. He informs Snake that his entire mission was manipulated by the renegades to allow the launch of the nuclear weapon.^[36] Liquid explains that they are the product of the Les Enfants Terribles project, a government sponsored effort to clone Big Boss, that was conducted during the 1970s. Solid received all of Big Boss' dominant alleles while Liquid received all the recessive alleles.^[37][38]

Snake destroys Metal Gear REX and then defeats Liquid in a fistfight. He is then reunited with Meryl or Otacon, depending on the player's actions (see next paragraph). They escape, while being chased by Liquid, in a jeep. Liquid dies from the FoxDie virus.^[39] Colonel Campbell, briefly ousted from command of the mission, calls off a nuclear airstrike intended to obliterate the evidence of the day's events and officially declares Snake killed in action to stop the US Government's search for him in the future.

There are two possible endings, depending on the player's actions during the torture sequence. If the player gives in to the torture, Snake finds Meryl dead and escapes with Otacon. If the player does not give in to the torture, Meryl survives and escapes with Snake while Otacon volunteers to stay behind and sacrifice himself to help Snake and Meryl get out not knowing that the nuclear strike intended to hit the disposal facility would never come.

After the end credits the player finds out Snake is actually genetically inferior to Liquid^[40] and has an indeterminate amount of time left before FoxDie kills him. Ocelot is revealed to be a double agent for the President of the United States (the third Snake, Solidus). His intention was to obtain Baker's disk containing Metal Gear's specifications and deliver it to the President.^[41]

[edit] Cast

Character	Japanese version	English version (pseudonyms in brackets)
Solid Snake	Akio Ōtsuka	David Hayter (Sean Barker)*
Liquid Snake	Banjo Ginga	Cam Clarke (James Flinders)
Meryl Silverburgh	Kyoko Terase	Debi Mae West (Mae Zadler)
Naomi Hunter	Hiromi Tsuru	Jennifer Hale (Carren Learning)
Hal "Otacon" Emmerich	Hideyuki Tanaka	Christopher Randolph (Christopher Fritz)
Roy Campbell	Takeshi Aono	Paul Eiding (Paul Otis)
Mei Ling	Houko Kuwashima	Kim Mai Guest (Kim Nguyen)
Gray Fox	Kaneto Shiozawa	Greg Eagles (George Byrd)
Nastasha Romanenko	Eiko Yamada	Renee Raudman (Renee Collette)
Revolver Ocelot	Koji Totani	Patric Zimmerman (Patric Laine)
Vulcan Raven	Yukitoshi Hori	Peter Lurie (Chuck Farley)
Psycho Mantis	Kazuyuki Sogabe	Doug Stone
Sniper Wolf	Naoko Nakamura	Tasia Valenza (Julie Monroe)
Donald Anderson	Masaharu Sato	Greg Eagles (George Byrd)
Kenneth Baker	Yuzuru Fujimoto	Allan Lurie (Bert Stewart)
Jim Houseman	Tomohisa Asō	William Bassett (Fredrick Bloggs)
Johnny Sasaki	Naoki Imamura	Dean Scofield (Dino Schofield)

*This credit appeared only in the early demo versions of the game and in the back of the user manual under Cast and Credits. David Hayter did not have a pseudonym in the game credits.

[edit] Development

Kojima originally planned the third Metal Gear game, to be called Metal Gear 3, and to release it for the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer in 1994. Conceptual artwork, by illustrator Yoji Shinkawa, of the characters Solid Snake, Meryl Silverburgh, who was also a character in the adventure game Policenauts, and the FOXHOUND team, were included in the Policenauts: Pilot Disk preceding the release of the full 3DO game in 1995.^[42] However due to the decline of the 3DO hardware, development of the game shifted to the PlayStation, shortly after it was released.^[43]

Kojima retitled the game Metal Gear Solid, choosing this over the working title Metal Gear 3. This was due to the fact that he believed that the first two MSX2 games in the series were not very well known.^[44] He used the word Solid was chosen due to the game being the third installment in the series, and because it uses 3D computer graphics.^[45] Subsequent sequels to this game also contained the Metal Gear Solid title, and follow a new numeral progression.

The development for Metal Gear Solid began in early 1996^[46] with the intention of creating the "best PlayStation game ever".^[47] Developers aimed for accuracy and realism while making the game enjoyable and tense. In the early stages of development, a SWAT team educated the creators with a demonstration of vehicles, weapons and explosives.^[47] Hideo Kojima, the director, stated that "if the player isn't tricked into believing that the world is real, then there's no point in making the game". To fulfill this, adjustments were made to every detail, such as individually designed desks.^[48]

Hideo Kojima created the characters of Metal Gear Solid. Modifications and mechanics were made by conceptual artist Yoji Shinkawa. The characters were completed by polygonal artists using pencil drawings and clay models by Shinkawa.^[49] Kojima wanted greater interaction with objects and the environment, such as allowing the player to hide bodies in a storage compartment. Additionally, he wanted "a full orchestra right next to the player"; a system which made modifications (such as tempo and texture) to the currently playing track, instead of switching to another pre-recorded track. Although these features could not be achieved, they were implemented in Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty.^[50]

Metal Gear Solid was revealed to the public at the E3 gaming event in 1997 as a short video. It was later playable for the first time at the Tokyo Game Show in 1998 and officially released the same year in Japan^[51] with an extensive promotional campaign.^[47] Television and magazine advertisements, in-store samples, and demo give-aways contributed to a total of US$8 million in promotional costs.^[52] An estimated 12 million demos for the game were distributed during 1998.^[53]

[edit] Release history

[edit] Original version

The English version of Metal Gear Solid (translated by Jeremy Blaustein, who localized the Sega CD version of Snatcher)^[5] contains minor refinements made during localization, such as adjustable difficulty settings (including an "Extreme" setting available after completing the game, which adds extended guard vision and removes the radar, among other changes), a bonus tuxedo outfit for Snake, and a "demo theater" for viewing cut scenes and radio conversations.^[16][54] Versions of the game dubbed in Spanish, German, French and Italian were released thorough Europe in addition to the English-dubbed version released in America. A premium package was released in Japan and Asia containing the game, a t-shirt, dog tags, a music CD featuring the soundtracks to the MSX2 games, and a booklet with information about the game's production and plot.^[55] A European version of the package was also produced, featuring different content from the Japanese version.^[56]

[edit] Integral

Released on June 25, 1999 for the PlayStation in Japan,^[11] Metal Gear Solid: Integral is an expanded version of the original game based on the North American localization (substituting the original Japanese voices with the English dub, while offering a choice between Japanese and English captions) which adds further additional features and an extra disc of VR Training missions dubbed the "VR Disc".^[25] Added to the main game are an alternate sneaking suit outfit for Meryl that complements Snake's tuxedo and the red-colored Ninja, a "Very Easy" difficulty setting (where the player begins the game with an MP5 with unlimited ammo and suppressor), a Codec frequency with staff commentary, a First Person View mode, an option for alternate patrol routes for enemies and a downloadable PocketStation minigame. The "VR Disc" features over 300 stage based missions testing the player's sneaking and fighting skill, as well as less conventional tests, such as murder-mysteries, battling giant genome soldiers, and three missions where the player controls the Cyborg Ninja. Special features includes trailers for Metal Gear Solid, a preview artwork of Metal Gear RAY from Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty and a "photoshoot" mode to take pictures of Mei Ling and Naomi.^[57]

The VR Disc from Integral was released as a separate product outside of Japan — in North America as Metal Gear Solid: VR Missions^[25] (September 23, 1999) and in PAL regions as Metal Gear Solid: Special Missions (October 29, 1999).^[58] The European version (Special Missions) requires the player to boot a copy of the original Metal Gear Solid before playing the game, a requirement that was unnecessary in the American VR Missions and Japanese VR Disc.^[59]

A Windows PC port of Integral was also released in Europe and North America in late 2000 with PocketStation support removed.^[25][12][60] Scoring 83 in Metacritic's aggregate, the game was criticized for "graphic glitches", the aged nature of the port, and being essentially identical to the PlayStation version.^[61]

[edit] The Twin Snakes

Main article: Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes

It has been suggested that Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)

A remake of Metal Gear Solid, titled Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes, was developed by Silicon Knights under the supervision of Hideo Kojima and released for the Nintendo GameCube in North America, Japan, and Europe in March 2004.^[13] While Twin Snakes was largely developed at Silicon Knights, its cut scenes were developed in-house at Konami and directed by Japanese film director Ryuhei Kitamura, reflecting his dynamic signature style, utilizing bullet-time photography and choreographed gunplay extensively.^[62] While the storyline and settings of the game were unchanged, a variety of gameplay features from Sons of Liberty were added such as the first person aiming and hanging from bars on walls. Another change in the English voice acting was the dropping of Mei-Ling's, Naomi's and Nastasha's accents, as well as the recasting of the Ninja from Greg Eagles (who reprised the role of the DARPA Chief) to Rob Paulsen. The graphics were also updated.^[63]

[edit] Other re-releases

The Japanese PlayStation version of Metal Gear Solid, as well as Integral, had been reissued twice: once under The Best range and second time as a PSone Books title. Likewise, the American and European versions of Metal Gear Solid were reissued under the "Greatest Hits" and "Platinum" ranges respectively. The game is included in the Japanese Metal Gear Solid: 20th Anniversary Collection set (in addition to a stand-alone 20th Anniversary edition)^[64] and in the American Essential Collection set.^[65] The game is available in Japan on the PlayStation Store for download on the PS3 and PSP.^[66]

[edit] Music

Main article: Metal Gear Solid Original Game Soundtrack

Metal Gear Solid's musical score was composed by in-house musicians at Konami, including Kazuki Muraoka, who also worked on Metal Gear.^[67] Composer and lyricist Rika Muranaka provided a song called "The Best is Yet To Come"^[68] for the game's ending credits sequence.^[69] The song is performed in Irish by Aoife Ní Fhearraigh.^[70] The main theme was composed by TAPPY.^[68] Music played in-game has a synthetic feel with increased pace and introduction of strings during tense moments, with a looping style endemic to video games. Overtly cinematic music, with stronger orchestral and choral elements, appears in cutscenes. The soundtrack was released on September 23, 1998, under the King Records label.^[71]

[edit] Reception

Reviews
Publication	Score
Allgame	[72]
Edge	9/10[73]
GameSpot	8.5/10.[74]
IGN	9.8/10[75]
NGamer	9/10[76]
Compilations of multiple reviews
Compiler	Score
Metacritic	94 (based on 20 reviews)[7]
Game Rankings	93% (based on 32 reviews) 9.1 (voting average) [77]

Metal Gear Solid was a commercial success, shipping over 6 million copies worldwide.^[6] Upon release, it was one of the most rented games,^[78] and topped sales charts in the United Kingdom.^[79]

The game was generally well received by the media and some of the most prominent gaming critics. Users and critics of GamePro gave it an average score of 4.8 out of 5 calling it "this season's top offering [game] and one game no self-respecting gamer should be without". However they criticized the frame rate, saying it "occasionally stalls the eye-catching graphics" and "Especially annoying are instances where you zoom in with binoculars or the rifle scope", and also the interruptions of "advice from your team", in the early parts of the game, "that's listed in the instruction manual", calling it an "annoyance".^[80] GameSpot also criticized this, saying "It needlessly interrupts the game". They also criticized how easy it is for the player to avoid being seen and it short length and called it "more of a work of art than ... an actual game".^[74] Further criticism came from the website Adrenaline Vault, which said it had "some serious...flaws" which "made it a complete disappointment".^[7] It received an Excellence Award for Interactive Art at the 1998 Japan Media Arts Festival.^[81] NGamer said "It's like playing a big budget action blockbuster, only better".^[76] Gaming website IGN said it came "closer to perfection than any other game in PlayStation's action genre" and called it "Beautiful, engrossing, and innovative...in every conceivable category".^[82]

Metal Gear Solid is often recognized as the first stealth game. The idea of the player being unarmed and having to avoid being seen by enemies rather than fight them has been used in many games since. It is also sometimes acclaimed as being a film as much as a game due to the lengthy cut scenes and complicated storyline.^[83] Entertainment Weekly said it "broke new ground with...movie-style production...and stealth-driven gameplay, which encouraged...hiding in boxes and crawling across floors".^[84] GameTrailers said it "invented the stealth game" and called it "captivating, inventive and gritty".^[85] The game is often considered one of the best games for the PlayStation, and has featured in best video games lists by GameFAQs,^[86] Game Rankings,^[87] Japanese magazine Famitsu,^[88] Entertainment Weekly,^[84] Game Informer,^[89] GamePro,^[90] Electronic Gaming Monthly^[91] and GameTrailers.^[85] However its placing in these lists is inconsistent, ranging from second to 50th.^[92]

In 2002 the site's editors ranked it as the best PlayStation game ever. Writer for the site David Smith said that just the demo for the game had "more gameplay [in it] than in most finished titles". They also gave it the "Best Ending" and "Best Villain" awards.^[93] In 2005, in placing it 19th on their list of "Top 100 Games", they said that it was "a game that truly felt like a movie", that the fights were "unique and innovative", and that it was "the founder of the stealth genre".The bosses were so poppular that many bosses have even been featured as the #1 bosses battles by game magazines including but not limited to Psycho Mantis and Vulcan Raven most notably for there abillities, from mind tricks to good old brute strength.^[94][95]

[edit] In other media

[edit] Radio drama

A Japanese radio drama version of Metal Gear Solid was produced shortly after the release of the original PlayStation game. Directed by Shuyo Murata and written by Motosada Mori, it aired, in 18 episodes, from 1998 to 1999 on Konami's CLUB db program. The series was later released on CD as a two volume set.^[96][97] Set after the events of the PlayStation game, Snake, Meryl, Campbell and Mei Ling (all portrayed by their original Japanese voice actors) pursue missions in hostile third world nations as FOXHOUND. The new characters introduced include Sgt. Allen Iishiba (voiced by Toshio Furukawa), a Delta Force operative who assists Snake and Meryl; Col. Mark Cortez (v.b. Osamu Saka), an old friend of Campbell who commands the fictional Esteria Army Special Forces; and Capt. Sergei Ivanovich (v.b. Kazuhiro Nakata), a former war buddy of Revolver Ocelot from his SVR days.^[98][99]

[edit] Comic

In September 2004, IDW Publications began publishing a series of Metal Gear Solid comics,^[100] written by Kris Oprisko and illustrated by Ashley Wood.^[101] As of 2006, 12 issues have been published, fully covering the Metal Gear Solid storyline.^[102]

The comic was adapted into a PSP game titled Metal Gear Solid: Digital Graphic Novel (Metal Gear Solid: Bande Dessinée in Japan).^[103] It features visual enhancements and two interactive modes designed to give further insight into the publication.^[104] Upon viewing the pages, the player can open a "scanning" interface to search for characters and items in a three dimensional view.^[104] Discoveries are added to a database which can be traded with other players via Wi-Fi. The "mission mode" allows the player to add collected information into a library. This information must be properly connected to complete a mission. Metal Gear Solid: Digital Graphic Novel was released in North America on June 13, 2006, Japan on September 21 and the PAL region on September 22.^[105] In 2006, the game received IGN's award for Best Use of Sound on the PSP.^[106] A re-release is scheduled to be bundled with its sequel (Metal Gear Solid 2: Bande Dessinée) in Japan on June 12, 2008 as a DVD-Video. The DVD version will have full voice acting.^[107]

[edit] Novelization

A novelization based on the original Metal Gear Solid was written by Raymond Benson and published by Del Ray. The American paperback edition was published on May 27, 2008,^[108] and the British Edition on June 4, 2008.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Metal Gear Solid official site (Japanese)
• Metal Gear Solid at GameFAQs
• Metal Gear Solid at MobyGames
• Konami Europe
• Konami America
• The Metal Gear Wiki

v • d • e Metal Gear series Main series Metal Gear · MG2: Solid Snake · Metal Gear Solid · MGS2: Sons of Liberty · MGS3: Snake Eater · MGS: Portable Ops · MGS4: Guns of the Patriots Supplements/remakes MGS: Integral and VR Missions · The Document of MGS2 · MGS2: Substance · MGS: The Twin Snakes · MGS3: Subsistence · MGS: Digital Graphic Novel · MGS2: Digital Graphic Novel · MPO Plus · Metal Gear Online Spin-offs Snake's Revenge · MG: Ghost Babel · Metal Gear Acid · Acid 2 · Metal Gear Acid Mobile · Metal Gear Solid Mobile Creators Hideo Kojima · Shuyo Murata · Yoji Shinkawa · Motosada Mori · Shinta Nojiri Recurring characters Solid Snake (Old Snake) · Raiden · Big Boss (Naked Snake) Characters by game MGS · MGS2 · MGS3 · MPO Universe FOXHOUND · Metal Gear · Soundtracks