Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr.

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Lawrence Larkins Koontz, Jr. (born January 25, 1940, Roanoke, Virginia) is a Virginia jurist currently in his second twelve year term on the Supreme Court of Virginia, to which he was elected on January 23, 2007. His second term commenced August 16, 2007. Under current law, he will face mandatory retirement in the year after he turns seventy (2010). 2008 marked Justice Koontz's 40th year on the bench as an active jurist. Justice Koontz has served at every level of court (district, circuit, Court of Appeals, and Supreme Court) within Virginia's current judicial system.

Prior to being made a Supreme Court Justice, Justice Koontz was an original member of the Virginia Court of Appeals, serving as its second Chief Judge for two four year terms following the untimely death of Chief Judge E. Ballard Baker a few months after the Court was created. Prior to his appointment to the Court of Appeals, Justice Koontz served as a judge of the 23rd Judicial Circuit of Virginia and the Roanoke Juvenile Court. He attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University where he received a B.S. in Biology and was a member of the Corps of Cadets. He received his law degree from University of Richmond School of Law.

Among Justice Koontz's more controversial opinions was Arlington County v. White, in which the Court determined that a local government could not extend employee health benefits to no related persons living with the employee, including same-sex partners. Writing for the majority, Justice Koontz applied the "Dillon Rule" that prohibits local governments in Virginia from going beyond the authority delegated to them by the state government. As expressed in a concurring opinion by Justice Cynthia D. Kinser, the majority declined to address whether the County's action was an attempt to recognize same-sex marriage, as was argued in a separate concurring opinion written by Justice Leroy Rountree Hassell, Sr., who was joined by two other justices.

Justice Koontz also authored one of the two dissents in the Supreme Court of Virginia's opinion in Atkins v. Commonwealth. When the case was subsequently reversed by the United States Supreme Court, the majority opinion in that Court quoted from Justice Koontz's dissent, along with the dissent by Justice Hassell. Specifically, the Court cited Justice Koontz's observation that "it is indefensible to conclude that individuals who are mentally retarded are not to some degree less culpable for their criminal acts. By definition, such individuals have substantial limitations not shared by the general population. A moral and civilized society diminishes itself if its system of justice does not afford recognition and consideration of those limitations in a meaningful way."