Clemson class destroyer
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 USS Clemson (DD-186) |
|
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Clemson class destroyer |
| Builders: | New York Shipbuilding Corporation Bethlehem Steel Corporation |
| Operators: |  United States Navy United States Coast Guard Great Britain Canada Soviet Union Japan |
| Preceded by: | Wickes class destroyer |
| Succeeded by: | Farragut class destroyer |
| Planned: | 161 |
| Completed: | 156 |
| Cancelled: | 5 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Clemson class destroyer |
| Displacement: | 1,215 tons (normal) 1,308 tons (full load) |
| Length: | 314 ft 4.5 in |
| Beam: | 30 ft 11.5 in |
| Draft: | 9 ft 4 in |
| Propulsion: | 4 Boilers 2 Westinghouse Geared Turbines 27,600 horsepower |
| Speed: | 35.5 knots |
| Range: | 4,900 nmi (9,100 km) @ 15 kt |
| Boats and landing craft carried: |
4 LCP landing craft |
| Crew: | 8 Officers 8 Chief Petty Officers 106 Enlisted |
| Armament: | 4 × 4 in/50 (102 mm), 3 × 3 in/23 (76 mm), 12 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes |
The Clemson class was a series of 156 destroyers which served with the United States Navy from after World War I through World War II.
The Clemson class ships were commissioned by the United States Navy from 1919 to 1922, built by New York Shipbuilding Corporation and the Bethlehem Steel Corporation, some with alarming speed. The Clemson class was a redesign of the Wickes class, and was the last pre-WWII class of flush-decker destroyers to be built for the United States. Until the Fletcher class destroyer, the Clemsons were the most numerous class of destroyers ever commissioned in the United States Navy, and were known colloquially as "four-stackers" or "four-pipers".
Contents |
[edit] History
Fourteen ships of the class were involved in the Honda Point Disaster in 1923, of which seven were lost.
Most never saw wartime service, as many were decommissioned in 1930 and scrapped as part of the London Naval Treaty.
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Nineteen were transferred to the Royal Navy in 1940 as part of the Destroyers for Bases Agreement where they became part of the Town class. Others were upgraded or converted to highspeed transports or seaplane tenders and served through World War II.
Most ships remaining in service during World War II were rearmed with dual-purpose 3"/50 caliber guns to provide better anti-aircraft protection.[1] The AVD seaplane tender conversions received 2 guns; the APD transport, DM minelayer, and DMS minesweeper conversions received 3 guns, and those retaining destroyer classification received 6.[2] Their original low-angle 4"/50 caliber guns (Mark 9) were transferred to Defensively Equipped Merchant Ships for anti-submarine protection.[3] For the ships converted to minesweepers, the twelve 21-inch torpedo tubes were replaced by minesweeping gear.[4]
[edit] Ships in class
The following vessels were built as part of the Clemson class:
| Hull no. | Ship name | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate | Service notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD186 | Clemson | 19 December 1919 | 12 October 1945 | Sold | Redesignated AVP-17, APD-4, and APD-31 |
| DD187 | Dahlgren | 6 January 1920 | 12 December 1945 | Sold | Redesignated AG-91 |
| DD188 | Goldsborough | 20 January 1920 | 11 October 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AVP-18, APD-5, APD-32 |
| DD189 | Semmes | 21 February 1920 | 2 June 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-24; Served with the Coast Guard as CG-20 |
| DD190 | Satterlee | 23 December 1919 | 8 October 1940 | Sunk | Served with the Royal Navy as HMS Belmont, sunk 31 January 1942 |
| DD191 | Mason | 28 February 1920 | 31 March 1922 | Sunk | Served with the Royal Navy as HMS Broadwater, torpedoed and sunk by U-101 18 October 1941. Lt. John Stanley Parker, RNVR was the first American killed in action whilst serving with the Royal Navy. |
| DD192 | Graham | 13 March 1920 | 31 March 1922 | Scrapped | |
| DD193 | Abel P. Upshur | 19 July 1919 | 23 September 1940 | Scrapped | Served with the Coast Guard as CG-15 and Royal Navy as HMS Clare, scrapped 1945 |
| DD194 | Hunt | 30 September 1920 | 8 October 1940 | Scrapped | Served with the Coast Guard as CG-18 and Royal Navy as HMS Broadway, scrapped 1947 |
| DD195 | Welborn C. Wood | 14 January 1921 | 9 September 1940 | Scrapped | Served with the Coast Guard as CG-19 and Royal Navy as HMS Chesterfield; scrapped 1947 |
| DD196 | George E. Badger | 28 July 1920 | 3 October 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AVP-16, AVD-3, and APD-33; Served with the Coast Guard |
| DD197 | Branch | 26 July 1940 | 8 October 1940 | Sunk | Served with the Royal Navy as HMS Beverley, sunk 9 April 1943 |
| DD198 | Herndon | 14 September 1920 | 9 September 1940 | Sunk | Served with the Coast Guard as CG-17, Royal Navy as HMS Churchill, and Soviet Union as Delatelnyi, sunk 16 January 1945 |
| DD199 | Dallas | 29 October 1920 | 28 July 1945 | Scrapped | Renamed Alexander Dallas in 1945 |
| DD206 | Chandler | 5 September 1919 | 12 November 1945 | Sold | Redesignated DMS-9 |
| DD207 | Southard | 24 September 1919 | 5 December 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated DMS-10 |
| DD208 | Hovey | 24 September 1919 | 7 January 1945 | Sunk | Redesignated DMS-11 |
| DD209 | Long | 20 October 1919 | 6 January 1945 | Sunk | Redesignated DMS-12 |
| DD210 | Broome | 31 October 1919 | 20 May 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-96 |
| DD211 | Alden | 24 November 1919 | 15 July 1945 | Scrapped | |
| DD212 | Smith Thompson | 10 December 1919 | 15 May 1936 | Sunk as target | Sunk on 25 July 1936 |
| DD213 | Barker | 27 December 1919 | 18 July 1945 | Sold | |
| DD214 | Tracy | 19 January 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated DM-19 | |
| DD215 | Borie | 24 March 1920 | 2 November 1943 | Sunk in action | Lost after ramming German U-Boat |
| DD216 | John D. Edwards | 6 April 1920 | 28 July 1945 | Scrapped | |
| DD217 | Whipple | 23 April 1920 | 9 November 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-117 |
| DD218 | Parrott | 11 May 1920 | 14 June 1944 | Scrapped | |
| DD219 | Edsall | 26 November 1920 | 1 March 1942 | Sunk in action | Sunk during the Battle of Java Sea |
| DD220 | MacLeish | 2 August 1920 | 8 March 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-87 |
| DD221 | Simpson | 3 November 1942 | May 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated APD-27, AG-97 |
| DD222 | Bulmer | 16 August 1920 | 16 August 1946 | Sold | Redesignated AG-86 |
| DD223 | McCormick | 30 August 1920 | 4 October 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-118 |
| DD224 | Stewart | 20 September 1920 | 23 May 1946 | Sunk as target | Captured by Japanese during World War II, saw service in Imperial Japanese Navy before being recaptured by American forces |
| DD225 | Pope | 27 October 1920 | 1 March 1942 | Sunk in action | Sunk during the Battle of the Java Sea |
| DD226 | Peary | 22 October 1920 | 19 February 1942 | Sunk in action | Sunk by Japanese aircraft |
| DD227 | Pillsbury | 15 December 1920 | 2 March 1942 | Sunk in action | Sunk by Japanese cruisers during surface action |
| DD228 | John D. Ford | 30 December 1920 | 2 December 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-119 |
| DD229 | Truxtun | 30 December 1920 | 18 February 1942 | Sank | Sank after running aground off Newfoundland |
| DD230 | Paul Jones | 19 April 1921 | 5 November 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-120 |
| DD231 | Hatfield | 16 April 1920 | 13 December 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-84 |
| DD232 | Brooks | 18 June 1920 | 2 August 1945 | Sold | Redesignated APD-10 |
| DD233 | Gilmer | 18 June 1920 | 5 February 1946 | Scrapped | Redesignated APD-11 |
| DD234 | Fox | 17 May 1920 | 29 November 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-85 |
| DD235 | Kane | Scrapped | 1946 | ||
| DD236 | Humphreys | Scrapped | 1946 | ||
| DD237 | McFarland | Sold for scrap | 1946 | ||
| DD238 | James K. Paulding | Scrapped | 1936 | ||
| DD239 | Overton | Sold for scrap | 1945 | ||
| DD240 | Sturtevant | Sunk | By US minefield 26 April 1942 | ||
| DD241 | Childs | Sold | 1946 | ||
| DD242 | King | Sold for scrap | 1946 | ||
| DD243 | Sands | Sold for scrap | 1946 | ||
| DD244 | Williamson | Scrapped | 1948 | ||
| DD245 | Reuben James | 24 September 1920 | 31 October 1941 | Sunk in action | Sunk by German U-Boat forces, second American naval casualty of World War II |
| DD246 | Bainbridge | Sold | 1945 | ||
| DD247 | Goff | Scrapped | 1947 | ||
| DD248 | Barry | Sunk in action | By Japanese aircraft,21 June 1945 | ||
| DD249 | Hopkins | Sold for scrap | 1946 | ||
| DD250 | Lawrence | Sold | 1946 | ||
| DD251 | Belknap | Sold | 1945 | ||
| DD252 | McCook | Sunk in action | as HMCS St. Croix 22 September 1943 | ||
| DD253 | McCalla | Sunk in action | as HMS Stanley 19 December 1941 | ||
| DD254 | Rodgers | Scrapped | 1945 | ||
| DD255 | Osmond Ingram | Sold for scrap | 1946 | ||
| DD256 | Bancroft | Declared surplus | as HMCS St. Francis 1945 | ||
| DD257 | Welles | Scrapped | as HMS Cameron 1944 | ||
| DD258 | Aulick | Scrapped | 1948 | ||
| DD259 | Turner | Sold for scrap | 1947 | ||
| DD260 | Gillis | Sold for scrap | 1946 | ||
| DD261 | Delphy | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD262 | McDermut | Sold | 1932 | ||
| DD263 | Laub | Transferred | to UK 1940 | ||
| DD264 | McLanahan | Scrapped | 1946 | ||
| DD265 | Edwards | Struck | 1943 | ||
| DD266 | Greene | Wrecked | in a typhoon, struck 1945 | ||
| DD267 | Ballard | Sold | 1946 | ||
| DD268 | Shubrick | Scrapped | 1945 | ||
| DD269 | Bailey | Scrapped | 1945 | ||
| DD270 | Thornton | Abandoned | Donated to Ryukyu Islands 1957 | ||
| DD271 | Morris | Sold | 1936 | ||
| DD272 | Tingey | Scrapped | 1936 | ||
| DD273 | Swasey | Struck | 1941 | ||
| DD274 | Meade | Scrapped | 1947 | ||
| DD275 | Sinclair | Scrapped | 1935 | ||
| DD276 | McCawley | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD277 | Moody | Sold and sunk | Sold to MGM in 1931 for making of WWI film Hell Below. DD-277 was made up to look like an enemy (German) WWI destroyer and was sunk in 1933 by studio demolitions. | ||
| DD278 | Henshaw | Sold | 1930 | ||
| DD279 | Meyer | Sold | 1932 | ||
| DD280 | Doyen | Scrapped | 1930 | ||
| DD281 | Sharkey | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD282 | Toucey | Sold | 1931 | ||
| DD283 | Breck | Sold | 1931 | ||
| DD284 | Isherwood | Scrapped | 1934 | ||
| DD285 | Case | Sold | 1931 | ||
| DD286 | Lardner | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD287 | Putnam | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD288 | Worden | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD289 | Flusser | scrapped | 1930 | ||
| DD290 | Dale | Sold | 1931 | ||
| DD291 | Converse | Sold | 1931 | ||
| DD292 | Reid | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD293 | Billingsley | Sold | 1931 | ||
| DD294 | Charles Ausburn | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD295 | Osborne | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD296 | Chauncey | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD297 | Fuller | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD298 | Percival | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD299 | John Francis Burnes | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD300 | Farragut | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD301 | Somers | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD302 | Stoddert | Sold for scrap | 1935 | ||
| DD303 | Reno | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD304 | Farquhar | Sold for scrap | 1932 | ||
| DD305 | Thompson | Sunk as target | February 1944 | ||
| DD306 | Kennedy | Sold for scrap | 1932 | ||
| DD307 | Paul Hamilton | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD308 | William Jones | Sold for scrap | 1932 | ||
| DD309 | Woodbury | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD310 | S. P. Lee | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD311 | Nicholas | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD312 | Young | Wrecked | in the Honda Point disaster 8 September 1923 | ||
| DD313 | Zeilin | Scrapped | |||
| DD314 | Yarborough | Scrapped | 1932 | ||
| DD315 | La Vallette | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD316 | Sloat | Sunk as target | 26 June 1935 | ||
| DD317 | Wood | Sold for scrap | 1930 | ||
| DD318 | Shirk | Scrapped | 1931 | ||
| DD319 | Kidder | Scrapped | 1930 | ||
| DD320 | Selfridge | Scrapped | 1930 | ||
| DD321 | Marcus | Sunk as target | 25 June 1935 | ||
| DD322 | Mervine | Scrapped | 1930 | ||
| DD323 | Chase | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD324 | Robert Smith | Sold for scrap | 10 June 1931 | ||
| DD325 | Mullany | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD326 | Coghlan | Sold for scrap | 19 March 1931 | ||
| DD327 | Preston | Sold for scrap | 23 August 1932 | ||
| DD328 | Lamson | Sold for scrap | 17 January 1931 | ||
| DD329 | Bruce | Sold for scrap | 1932 | ||
| DD330 | Hull | Sold for scrap | 1931 | ||
| DD331 | Macdonough | Sold for scrap | 1930 | ||
| DD332 | Farenholt | Sold for scrap | 1930 | ||
| DD333 | Sumner | Sold for scrap | 1934 | ||
| DD334 | Corry | Sold for salvage | 1930 | ||
| DD335 | Melvin | Sold for scrap | 1930 | ||
| DD336 | Litchfield | Scrapped | 29 March 1946 | ||
| DD337 | Zane | Scrapped | 3 March 1947 | ||
| DD338 | Wasmuth | Sank in storm | Pacific, 29 December 1942 | ||
| DD339 | Trever | Scrapped | 1945 | ||
| DD340 | Perry | Sunk in action | Sunk by Japanese mine, 13 September 1944 | ||
| DD341 | Decatur | Scrapped | 1945 | ||
| DD342 | Hulbert | 27 October 1920 | 2 November 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AVP-6 |
| DD343 | Noa | 15 February 1921 | 12 September 1944 | Sunk | Redesignated APD-24. Sank following collision |
| DD344 | William B. Preston | 23 August 1920 | 6 December 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AVP-20, AVD-7 |
| DD345 | Preble | 19 March 1920 | 7 December 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated DM-20, AG-99 |
| DD346 | Sicard | 9 June 1920 | 21 November 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated DM-21, AG-100 |
| DD347 | Pruitt | 9 June 1920 | 16 November 1945 | Scrapped | Redesignated AG-101 |
[edit] Notes
- ^ Morrison 1962 p.39
- ^ Silverstone 1968 pp.112,212,215,276&303
- ^ Campbell 1985 p.143
- ^ Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (public domain)
[edit] References
- Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.
- Morison, Samuel Eliot (1962). History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Supplement and General Index. Little, Brown and Company.
- Silverstone, Paul H. (1968). U.S. Warships of World War II. Doubleday and Company.
[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
- Tin Can Sailors @ Destroyers.org Clemson class
- Clemson-class destroyers at Destroyer History Foundation
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