Chandrabhanu
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Chandrabhanu (died 1262) or Chandrabhanu Sridhamaraja ascended the throne Tambralinga in 1230. He was known for building a well known Buddhist stupa in southern Thailand. In 1247 he was recorded as having invaded Sri Lanka with soldiers drawn from South East Asia and South India in search of Buddhas relict. Although he was defeated, he captured the northern part of Sri Lanka under the control of Kalinga Magha. He was eventually killed by the Pandyan Empire in 1262 in his second attempt to invade the south of the island.
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[edit] Tambralinga
According to the inscription no.24 found at wat Hua-wieng (Hua-wieng temple) in Chaiya near to Nakhon Si Thammaraj, is a ruler of Tambralinga and was of Patama vamsa (lotus dynasty). He began to reign in 1230, he had built the Phrae Boromadhatu a buddhist stupa in Nakhon Si Thammaraj to hold the Buddha's relict.[1]
[edit] First invasion of Sri Lanka
It was recorded by the Mahawamsa, the historic chronicle of Sri Lanka to have invaded Sri Lanka in 1247 in search of Buddha's relict that Sri Lanka already had.
According Sri lankan sources he was a Javaka chieftain and a sea pirate from the kingdom of Tambralinga. Although one Parakramabahu II (1236-70) from Dambadeniya was able to defeat him, Chandrabhanu moved north and secured the throne for himself around 1255. This prompted the Pandyan Empire in South India to intervene. They forced Chandrbhanu to submit to Pandya rule in 1258.
[edit] Second invasion
When Chandrabhanu embarked on a second invasion of the south, the Pandyas again came to the support of the Sinhalese king and killed Chandrabhanu in 1262. They eventually installed one of their ministers in charge of the invasion, one Aryacakravarti as the King.[2][3][4]
In the local Tamil language, all South East Asians are known as Javar or Javanese. There are number of place names in the Jaffna peninsula which pertains to its South East Asian connections. Chavakacheri means a Javanese settlement. Chavahakottai means a Javanese fort all alluding to Chandrabhanu's brief rule in the north.[5]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Liyanage, A. The Decline of Polonnaruwa and the rise of Dambadeniya, (Colombo, 1968) p.136; Recuil des Inscriptions du Siam II, 26, tr.27.
- ^ de Silva, A History of Sri Lanka, p.91-92
- ^ Kunarasa, K The Jaffna Dynasty, p.#
- ^ Sri Dalada Maligawa (html). Retrieved on 2007-12-05.
- ^ Codrington, Humphry William. Short history of Sri Lanka:Dambadeniya and Gampola Kings (1215-1411). Lakdiva.org. Retrieved on 2007-11-25.
[edit] References
- de Silva, K. M. (2005). A History of Sri Lanka. Colombo: Vijitha Yapa, 782. ISBN 9-55-809592-3.
- Kunarasa, K (2003). The Jaffna Dynasty. Johor Bahru: Dynasty of Jaffna King’s Historical Society, 122. ISBN 9-55-8455-00-8.
[edit] External links
| Preceded by Unknown |
Tambralinga 1230 –1247 |
Succeeded by Unknown |
| Preceded by Kalinga Magha |
Jaffna Kingdom 1255 –1262 |
Succeeded by Kulasekara Singaiariyan |
