CD-i
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| Manufacturer | Royal Philips Electronics N.V. Nintendo |
| Type | Video game console Media player |
| Generation | Fourth generation era |
| First available | 1991[1] |
| CPU | Philips 68070 |
| Media | CD-i, Audio CD, CD+G, Karaoke CD, VCD |
| Units sold | 570,000[1] |
CD-i or Compact Disc Interactive is the name of an interactive multimedia CD player developed and marketed by Royal Philips Electronics N.V. CD-i also refers to the multimedia Compact Disc standard utilized by the CD-i console, also known as Green Book, which was co-developed by Philips and Sony in 1986 (not to be confused with MMCD, the pre-DVD format also co-developed by Philips and Sony). The first Philips CD-i player, released in 1991 and initially priced around USD $700, was capable of playing interactive CD-i discs, Audio CDs, CD+G (CD+Graphics), Karaoke CDs, and Video CDs (VCDs), though the latter required an optional "Digital Video Card" to provide MPEG-1 decoding.
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[edit] Applications
Early software releases in the CD-i format focused heavily on educational, music, and self-improvement titles, with only a handful of video games, many of them adaptations of board games such as "Connect Four". Later attempts to develop a foothold in the games market were rendered irrelevant by the arrival of cheaper and more powerful consoles, such as the Nintendo 64 and Sony PlayStation. CD-i is noted for the release of several spinoffs of popular Nintendo video games featuring characters typically seen only on Nintendo consoles, although those games were not developed by Nintendo.[citation needed] Hotel Mario was a puzzle game that featured Super Mario Bros. characters. Mario Takes America/Mario's Wacky Worlds was an unfinished game which involved Mario, Luigi and Yoshi touring the United States. Some prototype versions of the game have made it into the market. In addition, three Legend of Zelda games were released: Link: The Faces of Evil, Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon and Zelda's Adventure. Nintendo and Philips had established an agreement to co-develop a CD-ROM enhancement for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (after Nintendo and Sony scrapped a previous deal on an earlier add-on for the SNES, which would eventually result in the creation of the PlayStation), and Philips was contractually allowed to continue using Nintendo characters after the deal fell through.
CD-i also released several CD-i versions of popular TV game shows, including versions of Jeopardy!, Wheel of Fortune, Name That Tune, and two versions of The Joker's Wild (One for adults hosted by Wink Martindale and one for kids hosted by Marc Summers.)
CD-i had a series of learning games ('edutainment') targeted at children from infancy to adolescence. Those intended for a younger audience included Busy Town, The Berenstain Bears, and various others which usually had vivid cartoon-like settings accompanied by music and logic puzzles. One of the most remarkable games released on this platform was a game combining Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass.
Todd Rundgren (under the pseudonym TR-i) released an interactive music CD in 1993 entitled No World Order, that utilized the CD-I format. The user could tailor various qualities such as mood, tempo and composition on the endless CD track.
Although extensively marketed by Philips, notably via infomercial, consumer interest in CD-i titles remained low. By 1994, sales of CD-i systems had begun to slow, and in 1998 the product line was dropped. With the home market exhausted, Philips tried with some success to position the technology as a solution for kiosk applications and industrial multimedia. The console still maintains a cult following on the Internet.
[edit] Philips
In addition to consumer models, professional and development players were sold by Philips Interactive Media Systems and their VARs. Philips marketed several CD-i player models.
- The CD-i player 200 series, which included the 205, 210, and 220 models. Models in the 200 series were designed for general consumption, and were available at major home electronics outlets around the world. The Philips CD-i 910 was the American version of the CD-i 205, the most basic model in the series.
- The CD-i player 300 series, which included the 310, 350, 360, and 370 models. The 300 series consisted of portable players designed for the professional market and not available to home consumers. A popular use was multimedia sales presentations such as those used by pharmaceutical companies to provide product information to physicians, as the devices could be easily transported by sales representatives.
- The CD-i player 400 series, which included the 450, 470, 490 models. The 400 models were slimmed-down units aimed at console and educational markets. The CD-i 450 player, for instance, was a budget model designed to compete with game consoles. In this version an infrared remote controller was not standard but optional.
- The CD-i player 600 series, which included the 601, 602, 604, 605, 615, 660, and 670 models. The 600 series was designed for professional applications and software development. Units in this line generally included support for floppy disk drives and connected to keyboards and other computer peripherals. Some models could also be connected to an emulator and had software testing and debugging features.
There also exist a number of hard-to-categorize models, such as the FW380i, an integrated mini-stereo and CD-i player; the 21TCDi30, a television with a built-in CD-i device; and the CD-i 180/181/182 modular system, the first CD-i system produced.
[edit] Other manufacturers
Besides Philips, several other manufacturers produced CD-i players, including Magnavox, GoldStar / LG Electronics, Digital Video Systems, Memorex, Grundig, Sony, Kyocera, NBS, Highscreen, and Bang & Olufsen, who produced a television with a built-in CD-i device.
[edit] TeleCD-i and CD-MATICS
Recognizing the growing need among marketers for networked multimedia, Philips partnered in 1992 with Amsterdam based CDMATICS to develop TeleCD-i (also TeleCD). In this concept the CD-i player is connected to a network (PSTN, Internet or other) enabling data-communication and rich media presentation. Dutch grocery chain Albert Heijn and mail-order giant Neckermann Shopping were early adopters and introduced award-winning TeleCD-i applications for their home-shopping and home-delivery services. CDMATICS also developed the special Philips TeleCD-i Assistant and a set of software tools helping the worldwide multimedia industry to develop and implement TeleCD-i. TeleCD-i was the world's first networked multimedia application at the time of its introduction. In 1996, Philips acquired source code rights from CDMATICS.
[edit] Technical specifications
CPU
Display
- Resolution: 384×280 to 768×560
- Colors: 16.7 million w/ 32,768 on screen
- MPEG 1 Cartridge Plug-In for VideoCD and Digital Video
Operating System
Other
- 1.5 MB of Main RAM
- Single Speed CD-ROM Drive
- Weight With DV Cart 1.460 kg, Without DV 1.210 kg
- ADPCM Eight Channel Sound
- 16-bit stereo sound
CD-i accessories
- CD-i Mouse
- Roller Controller
- CD-i Trackball
- I/O Port Splitter
- Touchpad Controller
- Gamepad Controller (see Gravis PC GamePad)
- IR Wireless Controller
- S-Video Cable
[edit] Market Competition
[edit] Interactive Kiosk (primary market)
[edit] High-end A/V (secondary market)
(multi-purpose audio/video systems)
[edit] Videogame (secondary market)
- Sega Genesis with Sega Genesis CD CD-ROM expansion
- The 3DO Company's 3DO Interactive Multiplayer
[edit] References
 |
The references in this article would be clearer with a different or consistent style of citation, footnoting, or external linking. |
- ^ a b Blake Snow (2007-05-04). The 10 Worst-Selling Consoles of All Time. GamePro.com. Retrieved on 2007-11-25.
- ^ Matsushita Electric/Panasonic (2000-04-10). Planetweb and Panasonic to Bring the Internet to the Interactive Kiosk Marketplace; Panasonic Internet-enabled M2 Interactive Kiosks to Preview at KioskCom 2000. Business Wire. Retrieved on 2008-03-16.
[edit] External links
- CD-i at the Open Directory Project
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