Berrien County, Michigan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Berrien County, Michigan | |
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| Map | |
 Location in the state of Michigan |
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 Michigan's location in the U.S. |
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| Statistics | |
| Founded | October 29, 1829 |
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| Seat | St. Joseph |
| Area - Total - Land - Water |
1,581 sq mi (4,095 km²) 571 sq mi (1,479 km²) 1,010 sq mi (2,616 km²), 63.89% |
| Population - (2000) - Density |
162,453 285/sq mi (110/km²) |
| Website: www.berriencounty.org | |
Berrien County is a county located in the extreme southwest of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is included in the Niles-Benton Harbor, Michigan Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2000 census, the population was 162,453. The county seat is St. Joseph,[1]
As one of the Cabinet counties, Berrien county was named for John M. Berrien of Georgia, U.S. Attorney General under U.S. President Andrew Jackson (1829-1831).
Berrien county's boundaries were set off by an act of the legislature of the Michigan Territory on October 29, 1829, with its present limits, but it was initially attached as Niles Township to Cass County for administrative purposes. In 1831 Berrien County was detached from Cass County.
The county was initially divided into three townships: Berrien Township, consisting of present-day townships of Berrien, Oronoko, and Lake plus a two-mile strip north of that territory; St. Joseph Township, consisting of everything north of Berrien Township; and Niles Township, consisting of everything south of Berrien Township.
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[edit] Geography
The wedge-shaped county has Lake Michigan to the west and Indiana to the south. Van Buren County is to the north and northeast. Cass County is to the east.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,581 square miles (4,096 km²), of which, 571 square miles (1,479 km²) of it is land and 1,010 square miles (2,617 km²) of it (63.89%) is water.
The St. Joseph River is a major geographical feature, flowing mostly north and west through the county from Niles to its mouth on Lake Michigan at St. Joseph. The southwest of the county is drained by the Galien River and its tributaries. Paw Paw Lake is in the north of the county, along with the Paw Paw River, which flows into the St. Joseph River just before it enters Lake Michigan. A tiny portion along the Indiana state line is drained by small tributaries of the Kankakee River, which ultimately flows into the Mississippi River. This is one of the few areas of Michigan drained by the Mississippi River, the other being an area of Michigan's Upper Peninsula near the Wisconsin border.
Grand Mere State Park, Warren Dunes State Park, and Warren Woods State Park are all located within the county.
[edit] Adjacent counties
- Van Buren County (northeast)
- Cass County (east)
- St. Joseph County, Indiana (southeast)
- La Porte County, Indiana (southwest)
[edit] Transportation
[edit] Interstates
I-94 runs north along the western edge of the county, staying near Lake Michigan, until bending inland to skirt the St. Joseph/Benton Harbor urban area. It then turns east as it continues toward Kalamazoo. There is a Business Loop 94 which passes through downtown Benton Harbor and St. Joseph.
I-196 branches off of I-94 just east of Benton Harbor and continues north to Holland and then east to Grand Rapids.
[edit] US Highways
US 12, is an east-west route crossing through the southern portion of the county from south of Niles through Three Oaks to New Buffalo and Michiana, Michigan, before leaving the state and continuing to Michigan City, Indiana.
US 31, which connects the area with the South Bend, Indiana metropolitan area, enters the southeast of the county as the St. Joseph Valley Parkway, near Niles, and continues north and west. A new segment of the freeway was completed in August 2003, running from Berrien Springs north to Napier Avenue east of Benton Harbor. US 31 follows Napier Avenue west to I-94 before branching off with I-196. A final segment is planned to continue the freeway from Napier Avenue north to the junction with I-94 and Business I-94 with a full cloverleaf interchange. The former route of US 31 between Berrien Springs and St. Joseph was redesignated as M-139.
[edit] Michigan highways
M-51 has its southern terminus at the state line as a continuation of State Road 933. It runs north through Niles, then turns northeast and exits the county as it continues toward Dowagiac.
M-140 has its southern terminus in Niles, runs north along the eastern portion of the county, and exits the county as it continues north toward South Haven.
M-60 runs east from Niles to I-94 atJackson.
Business M-60 routes through the city of Niles.
M-62 has its western terminus at a junction with M-140 and runs only a short distance east before it exits the county as it continues toward Dowagiac.
M-63 has its southern terminus at a junction with M-139 (formerly US 31) in Scottdale. It runs northwest into downtown St. Joseph, then runs northeast along Lake Michigan before its northern terminus at a junction with US 31 and I-196 just south of the county boundary.
M-139 has its southern terminus at a junction with US 31 near Berrien Springs. It runs northwest until a junction with M-63 in Scottdale where it turns north and passes to the east of St. Joseph and Benton Harbor before reaching its northern terminus at a junction with Business Loop I-94.
M-239 is only 1.1 miles long and links I-94 at exit 1 near New Buffalo to State Road 39 north of LaPorte, Indiana.
[edit] Berrien County Highways
A-2 is Berrien's only signed county highway. Its southern terminus is in Hagar Shores at M-63 and I-196. It follows the Lake Michigan shoreline and exits the county, continuing toward South Haven.
[edit] Demographics
As of the 2000 census, [2] there were 162,453 people, 63,569 households, and 43,354 families residing in the county. The population density was 284 people per square mile (110/km²). There were 73,445 housing units at an average density of 129 per square mile (50/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 79.69% White, 15.93% Black or African American, 0.43% Native American, 1.14% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.14% from other races, and 1.64% from two or more races. 3.01% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 25.8% were of German, 8.8% American, 7.9% Irish and 7.3% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 93.5% spoke English, 3.0% Spanish and 1.0% German as their first language.
There were 63,569 households out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.20% were married couples living together, 13.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.80% were non-families. 27.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the county the population was spread out with 26.00% under the age of 18, 8.30% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 23.70% from 45 to 64, and 14.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 94.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.90 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $38,567, and the median income for a family was $46,548. Males had a median income of $36,582 versus $23,800 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,952. About 9.30% of families and 12.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.80% of those under age 18 and 9.00% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Government
The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.
[edit] Berrien County elected officials
- Prosecuting Attorney: James A. Cherry
- Sheriff: L. Paul Bailey
- County Clerk: M. Louise Stine
- County Treasurer: Bret E. Witkowski
- Register of Deeds: Lori D. Jarvis
- Drain Commissioner: Roger Zilke
- County Surveyor: John G. Kamer
(information as of September 2005)
[edit] Cities, villages, and townships
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Unincorporated |
Townships
[edit] References
- ^ Find a County. National Association of Counties. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Statistical profile of Berrien County, Michigan, United States Census Bureau, Census 2000
[edit] Bibliography and further reading
[edit] External links
- Berrien County government
- History of Berrien and Van Buren counties, Michigan (Ensign, 1880)
- History of Berrien County (Southwest Michigan Directory)
Berrien County Genealogy Information:
