Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 3

PDB rendering based on 1as4.

Available structures: 1as4, 1qmn, 2ach, 3caa, 4caa

Identifiers

Symbol(s)

SERPINA3; AACT; ACT; GIG24; GIG25; MGC88254

External IDs

OMIM: 107280 MGI: 105045 HomoloGene: 40658

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• DNA binding • protein binding • chymotrypsin inhibitor activity
Cellular Component:	• extracellular region • intracellular • nucleus
Biological Process:	• acute-phase response • inflammatory response • regulation of lipid metabolic process

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_001085 (mRNA)
NP_001076 (protein)

NM_009252 (mRNA)
NP_033278 (protein)

Location

Chr 14: 94.15 - 94.16 Mb

Chr 12: 104.81 - 104.82 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin is an alpha globulin glycoprotein that is a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family.

It inhibits the activity of certain enzymes called proteinases, such as cathepsin G that is found in neutrophils, and chymases found in mast cells, by cleaving them into a different shape or conformation. This activity protects some tissues, such as the lower respiratory tract, from damage caused by proteolytic enzymes.^[1]

This enzyme is produced in the liver, and is an acute phase protein that is induced during inflammation. Deficiency of this protein has been associated with liver disease. Mutations have been identified in patients with Parkinson disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.^[2]

Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin is also associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease as it enhances the formation of amyloid-fibrils in this disease.^[1]

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Kalsheker N (1996). "Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 28 (9): 961–4. PMID 8930118.
^ Entrez Gene: SERPINA3 serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 3.

[edit] Further reading

Janciauskiene S, Wright HT (1999). "Inflammation, antichymotrypsin, and lipid metabolism: autogenic etiology of Alzheimer's disease.". Bioessays 20 (12): 1039–46. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199812)20:12<1039::AID-BIES10>3.0.CO;2-Z. PMID 10048303.
Kalsheker N, Morley S, Morgan K (2002). "Gene regulation of the serine proteinase inhibitors alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1-antichymotrypsin.". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 30 (2): 93–8. doi:10.1042/. PMID 12023832.

[edit] External links

MeSH Alpha+1-antichymotrypsin

v • d • e Serpins

inhibitory	Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin · Alpha 1-antitrypsin · Alpha 2-antiplasmin · Antithrombin · C1-inhibitor · Heparin cofactor II · Protein C inhibitor · Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 · Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 · Protein Z-related protease inhibitor · SERPINA4 · SERPINA6 · SERPINB1 · SERPINB3 · SERPINB4 · SERPINB6 · SERPINB7 · SERPINB8 · SERPINB9 · SERPINB13 · SERPINE2 · SERPINF2

Cross class inhibitory	MENT · SCCA-1 · crmA

noninhibitory	Heat shock protein 47 · Maspin · Ovalbumin · SERPINF1 · Thyroxine-binding globulin · Transcortin · SERPINF1

v • d • e Globulins: alpha globulins

Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin - Alpha 1-antitrypsin - Alpha 2-macroglobulin - Alpha 2-antiplasmin - Antithrombin - Ceruloplasmin - Haptoglobin - Heparin cofactor II - Orosomucoid - Retinol binding protein - Transcortin

v • d • e

Protein: glycoproteins

Activin - ADAM protein - Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin - Apolipoprotein H - CD70 - Asialoglycoprotein - Avidin - B-cell activating factor - 4-1BB ligand - Cholesterylester transfer protein - Clusterin - Colony-stimulating factor - Haemopexin - Inhibin - Lactoferrin - Membrane glycoproteins - Mucoprotein - Myelin protein zero - Osteonectin - Protein C - Protein S - Proteoglycan - Serum amyloid P component - Sialoglycoprotein (CD43, Glycophorin, Glycophorin C) - Thrombopoietin - Thyroglobulin - Thyroxine-binding proteins - Transcortin - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha - Uteroglobin - Vitronectin

v • d • e Acute phase proteins

Amyloid	SAP - SAA

Other positive	Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin - Alpha 1-antitrypsin - Alpha 2-macroglobulin - C-reactive protein - Ceruloplasmin - C3 - Fibrin - Haptoglobin - Haemopexin - Orosomucoid - Transferrin

Negative	Serum albumin