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Austria - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Austria

From the Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia that anyone can change

Republik Österreich
Flag Coat of arms
Official flag Official Coat of Arms
National information
National motto:
National anthem: "Land der Berge, Land am Strome"
About the people
Official languages: German
Population: (# of people)
  - Total: 8.150.835 ab. (2000) (ranked 86°)
  - Density: 97 per km²
Geography / Places
country map
Here is the country on a map of the world.
Capital city: Vienna
Largest city: Vienna
Area
  - Total: 83.858 km² (ranked 112°)
  - Water: 1,3 km² (n/a%)
Politics / Government
Established: July 27, 1955
Leaders: President: Heinz Fischer
Economy / Money
Currency:
(Name of money)
Euro
International information
Time zone: +1
Telephone dialing code: +43
Internet domain: .at

Austria (German: Österreich), officially "Republic of Austria", is a country in Central Europe. Around Austria there are Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. Currently, the chancellor is Alfred Gusenbauer. Austria has been a member-state of the EU since 1995.

The people in Austria speak German, a few also Hungarian, Slovenian and Croatian. The capital of Austria is Vienna (Wien).

Austria is more than thousand years old. Its history can be followed to the ninth century. At that time the first people moved to the land now known as Austria. The name "Ostarrichi" is first written in an official document from 996. Since then this word has developed into the Modern German word Österreich.

Austria is a democratic state and has nine federal states (German: 'Bundesländer'): Vorarlberg, the Tyrol, Salzburg, Carinthia, Styria, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, Vienna and Burgenland. It is a neutral state, that means it does not take part in wars with other countries. Austria is in the United Nations since 1955 and in the European Union since 1995.


Contents

[change] History

[change] Ancient times

There has been human settlement in the area that is now Austria for a long time. The first settlers go back to the Paleolithic age, they time of the Neanderthals. They left works of art, such as the Venus of Willendorf. In the Neolithic age, people were living there to dig for resources, especially copper. Ötzi, a mummy found in a glacier between Austria and Italy, is from that time. In the Bronze Age bigger settlements and fortresses were built, especially where there were resources. Salt mining began near Hallstatt. At that time, Celts began to form the first states.

[change] The Romans

The Romans settled in most of modern Austria. They built larger cities. The most important of these were Carnuntum (near Vienna), Virunum (north of Klagenfurt) and Teurnia (near Spittal an der Drau).

[change] Modern times

Austria was an empire from about 800 to 1918. And was ruled by The House of Habsburg for most of that period. Then it became a republic. The First Republic was from 1918 to 1938, the Second Republic has been from 1945. From 1938 to 1945 Austria was part of Germany.

[change] Music and Arts

Many famous composers were Austrians or born in Austria. There are Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Franz Schubert, Anton Bruckner, Johann Strauss, Sr., Johann Strauss, Jr. and Gustav Mahler. In modern times there were Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern and Alban Berg, who belonged to the Second Viennese School .

Austria has many artists, there are Gustav Klimt, Oskar Kokoschka, Egon Schiele or Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Inge Morath or Otto Wagner and scienc.

[change] Other famous Austrians

  • Scientists
    • Ludwig Boltzmann
    • Ernst Mach
    • Christian Doppler
    • Lise Meitner
    • Erwin Schrödinger
    • Wolfgang Pauli
    • Anton Zeilinger
    • Theodore Billroth
    • Sigmund Freud
    • Alfred Adler

[change] Food

Famous Austrian dishes are Wiener Schnitzel, Schweinsbraten, Kaiserschmarren, Knödel, Sachertorte and Tafelspitz.



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