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Kurlandia - Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia Wikipedia (2008) - wikipedia.classicistranieri.com

Kurlandia

Z Wikipedii

Kurlandia (łot. Kurzeme – ziemia Kurów, niem. "Kurland") – kraina historyczna w zachodniej części Łotwy na półwyspie nad Bałtykiem. Nazwa pochodzi od łotewskiego plemienia Kuronów (Kurów, Kursi). W szerszym kontekście nazwa używana na określenie Księstwa Kurlandii i Semigalii.

Początkowo zamieszkiwana w większości przez ugrofińskich Liwów i przez mówiące językiem kurońskim bałtyckie plemię Kurów, którzy trudnili się na wielką skalę piractwem i handlem bałtyckim.

W 1230, w celu uniknięcia rozlewu krwi, ich władca, Lammekinus, przyjął chrzest i zwierzchnictwo papieża. Ostatecznie w 1269 podbita przez zakon kawalerów mieczowych, po jego sekularyzacji w XVI w. główna składowa feudalnego Księstwa Kurlandii i Semigalii, będącego częścią składową i lennem Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów (1561-1795) i potem, po rozbiorach, Rosji.

Pod koniec II wojny światowej w ogromnym kotle znalazły się tu niedobitki wojsk niemieckich oraz setki tysięcy uciekających przed ponowną okupacją sowiecką łotewskich cywili. Główny opór Armii Czerwonej stawiali łotewscy ochotnicy tworzący tzw. Lettland Legion (Legion Łotewski), utworzony w ramach Waffen-SS.

Główne miasta: Ventspils, Liepaja.


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Kurlandia • Liwonia • Łatgalia • Semigalia

 

STATIC WIKIPEDIA DECEMBER 2006 on wikipedia.classicistranieri.com

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STATIC WIKIPEDIA MARCH 2008 on wikipedia.classicistranieri.com
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STATIC WIKIPEDIA APRIL 2007 on wikipedia.classicistranieri.com
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STATIC WIKIPEDIA JUNE 2008 on wikipedia.classicistranieri.com
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STATIC WIKIPEDIA NOVEMBER 2006 on wikipedia.classicistranieri.com
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