List of rulers of Baden

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Baden was a state of the Holy Roman Empire and later one of the German states along the frontier with France primarily consisting of territory along the right bank of the Rhine opposite Alsace and the Palatinate.

The territory evolved out of the Breisgau, an early medieval county in the Duchy of Swabia. A continuous sequence of counts is known since 962; the counts belong to the House of Zähringen. In 1061, the counts first acquired the additional title of margraves of Verona. Even though they lost the March of Verona soon thereafter, they kept the title of margrave. In 1112, the title of Margrave of Baden was first used.

For most of the early modern period, the Baden lands were divided into two parts, one ruled by the Catholic Margraves of Baden-Baden, and the other by the Protestant Margraves of Baden-Durlach.

In 1771, the main Baden-Baden line became extinct, and all of the Baden lands came under the rule of Baden-Durlach.

1 Counts in the Breisgau
2 Margraves of Verona and Counts in the Breisgau
3 Margraves of Baden
4 Baden divided, 1190-1771
5 Margraves of Baden, 1771-1803
6 Electors and Margraves of Baden, 1803-1806
7 Grand Dukes of Baden, 1806-1918
8 Heads of the Grand Ducal House of Baden since 1918
9 State Presidents of the Republic of Baden, 1918-1945
10 State President of Baden (South Baden), 1945-1952

During the Napoleonic era, in the imperial reorganisation of 1803, Baden gained a great deal of additional territory, and its rulers were made one of the few prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire. However, this pre-eminent dignity lasted only for three years, until the end of the Empire in August of 1806, eight months after the crushing Battle of Austerlitz. Consequently, in that year, the Margraves took on the title of Grand Duke of Baden, and gained additional territory. The Grand Duchy, within approximately the borders of 1806, continued to exist until the fall of the German monarchies in 1918, when it became a republic.

[edit] Counts in the Breisgau

Berthold I before 962 - 982
Berthold II 982-1005/06
Berthold III 1005/06-1024
Berthold I 1024-1073

[edit] Margraves of Verona and Counts in the Breisgau

Berthold I 1061-1073
Hermann I 1073

[edit] Margraves of Baden

Hermann II 1073-1130
Hermann III 1130-1160
Hermann IV 1160-1190

[edit] Baden divided, 1190-1771

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Baden, 1190-1335

Hermann V 1190-1243
Hermann VI 1243-1250
Frederick I and Rudolf I 1250-1268
Rudolf I 1268-1288
Hesso, Rudolf II, Herman VII, and Rudolf III 1288-1291
Hesso, Rudolf II, and Rudolf III 1291-1295
Hesso and Rudolf III 1295-1297
Rudolf III and Rudolf Hesso 1297-1310
Rudolf Hesso 1310-1320
Evan I 1320-1334
Daniel II 1334-1335

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Hachberg, 1190-1418

Henry I 1190-1231
Henry II 1231-1290
Henry III 1290-1330
Henry IV 1330-1369
Otto I 1369-1386
John and Hesso 1386-1409
Hesso 1409-1410
Otto II 1410-1418

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Sausenberg, 1290-1503

Rudolf I 1290-1313
Heinrich, Rudolf II, and Otto 1313-1318
Rudolf II and Otto 1318-1352
Otto and Rudolf III 1352-1384
Rudolf III 1384-1428
Wilhelm 1428-1441
Hugo and Rudolf IV 1441-1444
Rudolf IV 1444-1487
Philipp 1487-1503

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Eberstein, 1291-1353

Friedrich II 1291-1333
Herman IX 1333-1353

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Pforzheim, 1291-1361

Rudolf IV and Herman VIII 1291-1300
Rudolf IV 1300-1348
Rudolf V 1348-1361

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Baden, 1348-1588

Frederick III 1348-1353
Rudolf VI 1353-1372
Bernard I 1372-1431, at first jointly with
Rudolf VII 1372-1391
Jacob 1431-1453
Charles I 1453-1475, at first jointly with
Bernard II 1453-1458
Christopher I 1475-1515
Bernard III 1515-1536
Philibert 1536-1569
Philip II 1569-1588

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Durlach, 1515-1771

Ernst 1515-1553
Karl II 1553-1577
Ernst Friedrich 1577-1604
Georg Friedrich 1604-1622
Friedrich V 1622-1659
Friedrich VI 1659-1677
Friedrich VII 1677-1709
Karl III Wilhelm 1709-1738
Karl Friedrich 1738-1771 (became Margrave of all Baden)

[edit] Margrave of Baden-Sponheim, 1515-1533

Philipp I 1515-1533

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Rodemarchern, 1536-1596

Christoph II 1536-1575
Eduard Fortunatus 1575-1596

[edit] Margrave of Baden-Rodenheim, 1575-1620

Philipp III 1575-1620

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Hachberg, 1577-1591

Jakob II 1577-1590
Ernst Jakob 1590-1591

[edit] Margrave of Baden-Sausenberg, 1577-1604

Georg Friedrich 1577-1604

[edit] Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern, 1622-1666

Hermann Fortunatus 1622-1664
Karl Wilhelm 1664-1666

[edit] Margraves of Baden-Baden, 1622-1771

Wilhelm 1622-1677
Ludwig Wilhelm 1677-1707
Ludwig Georg Simpert 1707-1761
August Georg Simpert 1761-1771

[edit] Margraves of Baden, 1771-1803

Karl Friedrich 1771-1803, became Elector of Baden

[edit] Electors and Margraves of Baden, 1803-1806

Karl Friedrich 1803-1806, became Grand Duke of Baden

v • d • e Members of the Electoral College of the Holy Roman Empire following the Golden Bull of 1356

Spiritual electors	Abp Mainz Abp Trier Abp Cologne

Secular electors	Kgdm Bohemia Cty Palatine / Rhine Dchy Saxony Mgvt Brandenburg

Electors added in the 17th century	Dchy Bavaria (from 1623) Dchy Hanover (from 1692)

Electors added in the 19th century	Abp Regensburg¹ / Dchy Salzburg²/Dchy Würzburg³ Dchy Württemberg¹ Mgvt Baden¹ Lgvt Hesse-Kassel¹

1: 1803–06; 2: 1803–05; 3: 1805–06.