Coat of arms of Lviv
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The Coat of arms of the city of Lviv features a golden lion beneath a city gate in a blue field. The current version of the symbol was adopted by the city council in 1990. According to principles of the blazoning it features a lion passant Or, beneath a castle gate Or, in azure field.
[edit] History
The lion was a traditional symbol of the city throughout the ages. The first such depictions occurred on 13th century seals of dukes Andrew and Leo of Volhynia, rulers of mediæval Ruthenian duchy of Halych-Volynia. The earliest known emblem of the city features a lion passant through a city gate pointed with three towers. It was featured on a city council seal, used by the magistrate in 1359.
In 1526, after the city became directly subordinate to the Polish Crown, king Sigismund the Old of Poland started the fortification effort of the city and formally accepted the coat of arms. To underline that the city belongs to the crown, a royal crown was added in the coronet. In later ages, although the colours and shapes of all the charges varied, their number remained the same. In 1586 bishop Jan Dymitr Solikowski, royal diplomat and a bishop of Lwów, as the city was called back then, was accepted on an audience by the Pope Sixtus V. In the effect, the city was granted with a privilege of adding the papal coat of arms to its own. Thus the shape of the lion was modified. The lion passant was replaced with a lion rampant, with the papal emblem (three helmets and an 8-pointed star) in one of the legs. During the Partitions of Poland, after the city got annexed by Austria, on November 6, 1789, the coat of arms was again confirmed by the highest authorities - this time by Emperor Joseph II of Austria.
During the Galician period the city emblem remained unchanged. After the Polish-Bolshevik War of 1919-1920, the city became once again a part of Poland. For the heroic defence in the Polish-Ukrainian War of 1918, the city was awarded with the Virtuti Militari medal, the highest Polish military decoration. Since then, the medal was also featured in the emblem's compartment. In addition, the city's motto semper fidelis was also featured.
After the World War II the city was annexed by Soviet Union. On July 15, 1967, a new, simplified coat of arms was passed by the Soviet authorities. It featured a lion rampant Or, below a three-towered city gate proper, with a hammer and sickle in the centre Or, on azure. After Ukraine declared her independence, on July 5, 1990 the city council passed a new coat of arms, partially modelled after the initial emblem from the times of Ruthenia.
